blood transfusion

Question 1

Complex mixture of cells, water, proteins, and
sugars

Answer 1

Blood

Question 2

process of donating own blood

Answer 2

autologous

Question 3

friend or family member of the patient donates the blood

Answer 3

Directed

Question 4

also known as autologous blood salvage.
procedure involving recovering blood lost during surgery and re infusing it into the patients

Answer 4

Intraoperative blood salvage

Question 5

transfusion method that may be done induction of anesthesia.
blood obtained is then re infused after surgery

Answer 5

Hemodilution

Question 6

Types of blood donation

Answer 6

Directed
Autologous
Intraoperative blood salvage
hemodilution

Question 7

complications of blood donations

Answer 7

1. excessive bleeding at venipuncture site
2. Fainting
3. Anginal chest pain
4. Seizures

Question 8

the most important blood type system (or
blood group system) in human blood
transfusion.
it identifies which sugars are present on the membrane of a person’s erythrocytes.

Answer 8

ABO system

Question 9

are transmembrane proteins with
loops exposed at the surface of red blood cells.

Answer 9

Rh system

Question 10

process of transferring blood or blood-
based products from one person into the
circulatory system of another

Answer 10

Blood transfusion

Question 11

2 main types of blood transfusion

Answer 11

Homologous transfusions
Autologous Transfusions

Question 12

The transfusion must begin within -—minutes

Answer 12

30 minutes

Question 13

are sometimes given before the transfusion to
prevent other types of transfusion reactions.

Answer 13

Acetaminophen or Antihistamines

Question 14

Principles of blood transfusions

Answer 14

1. Proper refrigeration
2. Proper typing and cross matching
   3.Aseptically assemble all materials needed for BT
3. Ask another RN to recheck
4. Check the blood unit for bubbles cloudiness,sediments and darkness in color
5. BT should be completed less than 4 hours
6. Avoid mixing or administering drugs at BT line
7. Monitor strictly vital signs

Question 15

Expiration of packed RBC is

Answer 15

3-6 days

Question 16

Expiration of platelet is

Answer 16

3-5 Days

Question 17

How many percent of population is RH postive

Answer 17

85%

Question 18

Universal recipient

Answer 18

Type AB

Question 19

Universal blood donor

Answer 19

Type O

Question 20

Diseases transmitted by blood transfusions

Answer 20

1. Viral Hepatitis
   2.AIDS (HIV and HTLV)
2. Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
3. Graft versus Host Disease (GVHD)
4. Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD)

Question 21

Avirus that infects most people worldwide.

virus that infects most people worldwide.
spreads from person to person by direct
contact.

Answer 21

Cytomegalovirus(CMV)

Question 22

A rare disorder that can strike persons whose immune system is suppressed and have either received a blood transfusion or a bone marrow
transplant.

Answer 22

Graft versus Host Disease (GVHD)

Question 23

A dementing disease of the brain caused by an unconventional, transmissible agent (prion).

Answer 23

Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD)

Question 24

graft-versus-host-disease is divided
into:

Answer 24

1. acute or fulminant form
2. chronic form

Question 25

normally observed within the first 100 days post-transplant

Answer 25

Acute or fulminant form

Question 26

Normally occurs after 100 days

Answer 26

chronic form

Question 27

plasma consisting of:

Answer 27

-water - proteins - salts - nutrients - vitamins - hormones

Question 28

blood cells consisting of:

Answer 28

- RBCs - WBCs - Platelets

Question 29

Clear liquid made up of 92% water and 8% organic & inorganic biochemical

Answer 29

plasma

Question 30

provides all components (Hct = 40%)

Answer 30

Whole blood

Question 31

Provide almost twice the amount of Hct than whole blood

Answer 31

Packed Red Blood Cell (PRBC)

Question 32

Contains all coagulation factors including V & VIII

Answer 32

Fresh Frozen Plasma

Question 33

contains von Wilebrand factor, factor VIII, XIII & fibrinogens

Answer 33

Factor VIII Fractions (Cryoprecipitate)

Question 34

Do not increase WBC: increase marginal pool (at tissue level) rather than circulating pool

Answer 34

Granulocytes

Question 35

Shaking chills or rigors common, require brief cessation of therapy, administration of meperidine IV until rigors are diminished & resumption of transfusion when symptoms relieved

Answer 35

Granulocytes

Question 36

A glycoprotein hormone produced by the kidney, that controls erythropoiesis, or red blood cell production.

Answer 36

Erythropoietin

Question 37

also known as Eprex) or NeoRecormon)

Answer 37

epoetin

Question 38

is associated with an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular complications in patients with kidney disease if it is used to increase hemoglobin levels above 13.0 g/dl.

Answer 38

erythropoietin

Question 39

Used to increase the number of hematopoietic stem cells in the blood of the donor before collection by leukapheresis for use in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Answer 39

Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor

Question 40

protein secreted by macrophages, T cells, mast cells, endothelial cells and fibroblasts.

Answer 40

Granulocyte-Macrophage Stimulating Factor

Question 41

stimulates the production and differentiation of megakaryocytes, the bone marrow cells that fragment into large numbers of platelets

Answer 41

Thrombopoietin

Question 42

PHARMACOLOGIC ALTERNATIVES TO BT

Answer 42

1.Growth Factors 2.Erythropoietin 3. Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor 4.Granulocyte-Macrophage Stimulating Factor 5. Thrombopoietin

Question 43

Brand Name of Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor

Answer 43

Neupogen

Question 44

Trade name of Granulocyte-Macrophage Stimulating Factor

Answer 44

Leukine

Question 45

Plasma proteins

Answer 45

Albumin globulin fibrinogen prothrombin