Blood Transfusion Flashcards
(32 cards)
How are ABO groups decided?
ABO gene
What is coded for by the A gene?
N-acetyl-glycosaminotransferase
What is coded for by the B gene?
Galactose
What is the O antigen?
Isn’t one
It’s missing/non-functioning
What genes decide the Rh group?
RhD
RhCD
Which Rh gene is deleted and in what group of people?
RhD
Caucasians
Leads to Rh negative
What is the indication for a red cell transfusion?
Severe acute anaemia
Massive haemorrhage
Sickle cell
What blood is given as immediate transfusion?
O-
What should be done if blood is needed urgently but not immediately?
ABO and Rh status match
What should be done if blood is needed but not urgently?
Full cross match with other allo-antibodies
What is the indication for platelet transfusion?
Massive haemorrhage
Bone marrow failure
Surgery prophylaxis
What platelet levels should be aimed for in massive haemorrhage?
> 75
What platelet levels should be aimed for in bone marrow failure?
> 15
What platelet levels should be aimed for in minor surgery?
> 50
What platelet levels should be aimed for in major surgery?
> 75
What platelet level should be aimed for in CNS surgery?
> 100
What is FFP and cryoprecipitate used for?
Restore clotting factors and other blood products
When is FFP used?
DIC
Massive haemorrhage
What is cryoprecipitate typically used to restore?
Fibrinogen
What is the major haemorrhage protocol?
Call 2222 State major haemorrhage Transferred to blood bank State major haemorrhage, patient details and blood required Transfuse
What is a non-threatening condition that may arise from transfusion?
Fever
What is a fever following a transfusion called?
Febrile non-haemolytic transfusion reaction
How should a febrile non-haemolytic transfusion reaction be managed?
Anti-pyrexial
What may occur with a mild reaction to transfusion?
Urticaria
