Blood Vessel Flashcards
(31 cards)
Functions of Capillaries
Exchange vessels and give body organs and tissue oxygen/nutrients
Tunica Externa Characteristics
Artery + Veins: Collagen fibers
Tunica Externa Functions
Artery: supports from vasoconstriction and vasodilating
Vein: prevents collapse of blood vessel and protection
Tunica Media Characteristics
Artery: Thicker smooth muscle and elastic fibers
Vein: Thinner smooth muscle and elastic fibers (less smooth muscle in general)
Tunica Media Functions
Artery: changes vessel diameter
Vein: allows vein to get wider or narrower as blood passes
Tunica Intima Characteristics
Artery: Small and thin endothelium layer, thin subendothelial layer, and thin internal elastic lamina (in general, thicker walls than veins)
Vein: larger and thin endothelium layer, thicker subendothelial layer, and thicker internal elastic lamina (has valve to prevent backflow in a pumpless system)
Tunica Intima Functions
Artery: provides structural support
Vein: allows fluid to flow smoothly and in one direction
Diastole
relaxation
Systole
contraction
What is used to measure blood pressure?
sphygmomanometer
Anastomoses
interconnections of blood vessels
ex. Arterial anastomoses in joints, abdominal organs, brain and heart
Venous anastomoses
Blood Pressure
Force blood exerts on walls of blood vessels
Pulse
expansion and recoil in an artery, radial to be exact
Lub
first heart sound; associated with the closure of the Av valves at the beginning of ventricular systole
Cardiac Cycle
One complete heartbeat where both atria and ventricles will contract and then relax.
Stages:
1. Complete diastole
- passive blood flow + low heart pressure
- Semilunar closed, AV valves open
- atrial contraction, increased atrial pressure, blood gets forced into the ventricles - Ventricular systole starts, intraventricular pressure increases, AV valves close
- Aortic pressure reached 120mm HG, atria diastole and they fill with blood+ increased atrial pressure - End of ventricular systole, ventricles relax, semilunar valves close, ventricles become locked chambers
- when the semilunar close a momentary increase in aortic pressure - Pressure fluctuation called dicrotic notch
- as ventricles diastole, pressure drops - Intraventricular pressure is less than atrial pressure, AV valves open and ventricles fill with blood again
- atrial and aortic pressure decreases and ventricles rapidly fill
cycle complete
about .8 seconds
Lymphatic System Functions
transport lymph to the blood vessels, protect the body by removing foreign material from the lymphatic stream and site of lymphocyte multiplication
Bone Marrow: Lymphatic function
maturation area for B lymphocytes and a primary lymph organ
Spleen: Lymphatic function
Secondary lymph organ (where lymphoid cells first encounter antigens and are activated)
Filters blood as part of the immune system where old red blood cells are recycled and platelets and WBC are stored there
Thymus: Lymphatic function
Primary lymph organ and where T lymphocytes mature
Lymph nodes: Lymphatic function
Secondary lymph organ
Filters foreign material that travels through the lymphatic fluid
Lymphatic vessels: Lymphatic function
picks up lymph
3 areas where lymph nodes are most abundant
Inguinal nodes, axillary nodes, cervical nodes
Right lymphatic duct drains:
right, upper side of the body, right arm and hand, right side of the head
- internal jugular vein
- entrance of right lymphatic duct into vein
empties into the junction of the internal jugular vein and the subclavian vein
Thoracic Duct drains:
whole left side of the body and inferior half
- cervical nodes
- axillary nodes
- Aorta
- inguinal nodes
- cristerna chyli
empties into the junction of the internal jugular vein and the subclavian vein
