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Anatomy Test 2 > Blood vessels/Nerves/Organs/Lymphatics of Neck > Flashcards

Blood vessels/Nerves/Organs/Lymphatics of Neck Flashcards

1
Q

what does the common carotid branch off of?

A

R: brachiocephalic

L: aortic arch

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2
Q

what is it called when the common carotid splits?

A

carotid bifurcation

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3
Q

Divisions of carotid bifurcation?

A

Internal and External Caroitd

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4
Q

internal carotid destination?

A

brain and circle of Willis

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5
Q

what is located within the Internal Carotid artery?

A

carotid sinus and carotid body

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6
Q

what does the carotid sinus sense?

A

Blood pressure via baroreceptors

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7
Q

what does the carotid body sense?

A

pH, CO2 via chemoreceptors

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8
Q

External Carotid artery destination?

A

soft structures of superficial head, supply the upper neck, surface and head

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9
Q

branches of Subclavian artery

A

1) . Vertebral arteries,
2) . Thyrocervical trunk,
3) . Costocervical trunk
4) . Internal thoracic artery

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10
Q

Vertebral arteries destination

A

brain (travel through cervical transverse foramen and then through the foramen magnum

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11
Q

Thyrocervical trunk destinations

A

1) . muscles at base of neck, scapula,
2) . thyroid
3) . cervical structure

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12
Q

Costocervical trunk destinations

A

1) . ribs
2) . cervical structures

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13
Q

Internal thoracic artery destination

A

anterior rib cage

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14
Q

venous supply of the neck and skull

A

Jugular veins (internal, external and anterior)

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15
Q

what does the internal jugular vein do?

A

drains blood from brain

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16
Q

what does the external jugular vein do?

A

drains superficial structures of the head

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17
Q

what does the anterior jugular vein do?

A

empties into external jugular vein at base of neck to give jugular venous arch

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18
Q

Vagus nerve structural destinations

A

tongue, pharynx, thorax, and abdomen

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19
Q

branches of Vagus nerve

A

1) . right recurrent laryngeal
2) . left recurrent laryngeal
3) . cardiac branches
4) . pharyngeal branches

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20
Q

Right recurrent laryngeal branch

A

loops around R subclavian artery to trachea, esophagus and muscles of larynx

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21
Q

Left recurrent laryngeal branch

A

loops around aortic arch to trachea, esophagus, and muscles of larynx

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22
Q

Cardiac branches of the vagus nerve feed into what?

A

cardiac plexus of heart

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23
Q

what forms the Cervical Plexus?

A

ventral rami C1-C4 unit to form loops

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24
Q

Cervical Plexus branches

A

1) . Ansa cervicalis
2) . Phrenic nerves
3) . Sensory nerves

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25
Q

Sensory nerves off of cervical plexus

A

1) . lesser occipital n (C2)
2) . great auricular n (C2, 3)
3) . transverse cervical n (C3, 4)
4) . supraclavicular n (C3, 4)

26
Q

what are the sympathetic trunks

A

groups of neurons from upper Thoracic lateral horn of spinal cord, extend along either side of Vert column from sacrum to base of skull

27
Q

3 cervical ganglia

A
  1. superior ganglion
  2. middle ganglion
  3. inferior ganglion
28
Q

superior cervical ganglion form what post-ganglionic nerves?

A

1) . superior cervical cardiac nerve to cardiac plexus
2) . arterial branches
3) . internal carotid (sympathetic) plexus

29
Q

thyroid gland location

A

anterior neck at C5-T1

30
Q

thyroid gland function

A

secretes T3 and T4 hormone (metabolism) and calcitonin

31
Q

what does calcitonin do?

A

stimulates CA storage, decreased blood Ca, and increases bone absorption of Ca

32
Q

Hyperthyroid hormones result

A

Addison’s disease

33
Q

thyroid gland vasculature

A

superior branches of external carotid artery and inferior branches of subclavian artery

34
Q

thyroid gland innervation

A

cervical sympathetic ganglia

35
Q

parathyroid gland location

A

4 glands located on posterior thyroid

36
Q

parathyroid gland function

A

secretes PTH

37
Q

what does PTH do?

A

increase blood Ca, can decrease bone density (no PTH is fatal)

38
Q

parathyroid vasculature

A

inferior thyroid artery branching from subclavian

39
Q

parathyroid innervation

A

cervical sympathetic ganglia

40
Q

larynx location

A

connects pharynx to trachea at C3-C6 level

41
Q

Larynx function

A

sound production, prevents compression/closure of airway during swallowing

42
Q

Laryngeal skeleton

A

9 pieces of cartilage

43
Q

9 laryngeal cartilage pieces

A

1) . thyroid cartilage (2)
2) . cricoid cartilage
3) . arytenoids cartilage (2)
4) . vocal ligaments (2)
5) . epiglottis 6). glottis

44
Q

what forms the Adam’s apple?

A

anterior fused section of the thyroid cartilage

45
Q

significance of thyroid cartilage movement

A

protraction and retraction of thyroid important to sound modulation

46
Q

cricoid cartilage connection to trachea

A

cricotracheal ligament

47
Q

what forms the vocal fold?

A

arytenoid cartilage attached to vocal ligaments

48
Q

where are the vocal ligaments?

A

extend from mid-line of thyroid cartilage anteriorly to arytenoids cartilage posteriorly; connect to cricoid by conus elasicus

49
Q

epiglottis location

A

inferior end attached to ant thyroid cartilage, attached to arytenoids by aryepiglotic ligament

50
Q

intrinsic laryngeal muscles innervation

A

CN 10

51
Q

laryngeal blood vessles

A

superior branches from external carotid artery inferior branches from subclavian artery

52
Q

trachea location

A

mid-line of neck from C6 (larynx) to T4-5 (sternal angle)

53
Q

T/F: tracheal cartilage is open posterioly?

A

TRUE

54
Q

terminus of trachea

A

Carina – splits into bronchi – where cough reflex originates

55
Q

location of pharynx

A

base of cranium to base of cricoid cartilage

56
Q

pharynx function

A

passageway for food and air (swallowing), connects oral and nasal cavities to trachea

57
Q

subdivisions of pharynx

A

nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx

58
Q

nasopharynx location

A

from nasal cavity to soft palate; contains tonsils

59
Q

oropharynx location

A

from soft palate to base of tongue; contains tonsils

60
Q

laryngopharynx location

A

from superior epiglottis to esophagus

61
Q

blood vessels of pharynx

A

arteries = branches of external carotid pharyngeal venous plexus

62
Q

nerves to pharnyx

A

1) . vagus to all muscles (except stylopharyngeus)
2) . glossopharyngeal (stylopharyngeus)

Anatomy Test 2 (14 decks)

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