Blood vessels to female pelvis

Question 1

At which vertebral level does the abdominal aorta bifurcate?

Answer 1

L4

Question 2

Where do the common iliac arteries bifurcate?

Answer 2

Anterior to the sacroiliac joint

Question 3

What are the branches of the external iliac artery?

Answer 3

Inferior epigastric
Deep circumflex
Femoral

Question 4

What is the main artery supplying the pelvis?

Answer 4

The internal iliac artery

Question 5

What is the blood supply to the ovaries?

Answer 5

Ovarian artery from abdominal aorta

Question 6

Where do the ovarian arteries arise from?

Answer 6

Abdominal aorta at L2

Question 7

What are the posterior branches of the internal iliac artery?

Answer 7

Iliolumbar
Lateral sacral
Superior gluteal
I (iliolumbar) Love (lateral sacral) Going (Superior gluteal)

Question 8

Which branch is posterior and which is anterior (inferior gluteal vs. superior gluteal artery)?

Answer 8

Superior is posterior
Inferior is anterior
I comes before S in the alphabet

Question 9

How does the inferior gluteal artery leave the pelvis?

Answer 9

Via the greater sciatic foramen

Question 10

How does the iliolumbar artery leave the pelvis?

Answer 10

Via the pelvis pelvic inlet

Question 11

What is the first branch of the posterior branch of the internal iliac artery?

Answer 11

The iliolumbar artery

Question 12

Where does the iliolumbar artery arise from?

Answer 12

The posterior branch of the external iliac artery

Question 13

What is the second branch of the posterior branch of the internal iliac artery?

Answer 13

Lateral sacral artery

Question 14

Where does the lateral sacral artery branch from?

Answer 14

The posterior branch of the internal iliac artery

Question 15

What is the third branch of the posterior branch of the internal iliac artery?

Answer 15

Superior gluteal artery

Question 16

Where does the superior gluteal artery arise from?

Answer 16

The posterior branch of the internal iliac artery

Question 17

How does the superior gluteal artery leave the pelvis?

Answer 17

Via the greater sciatic foramen

Question 18

What is the first branch of the anterior branch of the internal iliac artery?

Answer 18

The uterine artery

Question 19

Which arteries supply the uterus?

Answer 19

Uterine and ovarian arteries

Question 20

What does the uterine artery supply?

Answer 20

Uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, vagina, round ligament of the uterus + forms an anastomosis with the ovarian artery

Question 21

What is the uterine artery referred to in males?

Answer 21

The artery of the vas deferens

Question 22

Where does the obturator artery arise from?

Answer 22

The anterior branch of the internal iliac artery (second branch)

Question 23

What does the obturator artery supply?

Answer 23

Adductor muscles of the thigh

Question 24

How does the obturator artery exit the pelvis, what does it supply and where does it arise form?

Answer 24

Arises from anterior branch of the anterior branch of internal iliac artery, passes out of the pelvis via the obturator foramen and supplies the adductor muscles of the thigh

Question 25

Where does the umbilical artery arise from?

Answer 25

Anterior branch of the internal iliac artery

Question 26

Where does the superior vesical artery arise from?

Answer 26

The anterior branch of the internal iliac artery gives rise ot the umbilical artery which gives rise to the superior vesical artery

Question 27

What does the superior vesical artery supply?

Answer 27

Upper and middle segments of the urinary bladder

Question 28

Where does the vaginal artery arise from?

Answer 28

Anterior branch of the internal iliac artery

Question 29

What does the vaginal artery supply?

Answer 29

Vagina (obviously!) | Also the base of the bladder

Question 30

Where does the middle rectal artery arise from?

Answer 30

Anterior branch of the internal iliac artery

Question 31

What does the middle rectal artery supply?

Answer 31

Rectal muscles | Lower vagina

Question 32

Which rectal artery arises from the internal iliac artery?

Answer 32

The middle rectal artery

Question 33

What are the terminal branches of the anterior branch of the internal iliac artery?

Answer 33

Inferior gluteal | Internal pudendal

Question 34

What is the course of the pudendal artery?

Answer 34

Terminal branch of the anterior branch of the internal iliac artery, leaves the pelvis via the greater sciatic foramen, re-enters via the lesser sciatic foramen and courses through the lateral wall of the ischio-rectal fossa

Question 35

Where does the inferior rectal artery arise from?

Answer 35

The internal pudendal artery

Question 36

What does the internal pudendal artery supply

Answer 36

Labia, clitoris and perineum

Question 37

Where does the superior rectal artery arise from?

Answer 37

Inferior mesenteric artery

Question 38

What does the superior rectal artery supply?

Answer 38

Rectum and muscosa

Question 39

Where do superior, middle and inferior rectal arteries arise form?

Answer 39

``` Superior = inferior mesenteric artery Middle = anterior branch of the internal iliac artery Inferior = branch of internal pudendal artery ```

Question 40

What does the internal rectal artery supply?

Answer 40

Lower half of the anal canal, internal and external sphincters

Question 41

Where does the median sacral artery arise from?

Answer 41

Just above the bifurcation of the aorta at L4

Question 42

What is the blood supply for the posterior surface of the rectum?

Answer 42

The median sacral artery

Question 43

Where does the superior rectal vein drain to?

Answer 43

Inferior mesenteric vein to hepatic portal vein

Question 44

Where do the middle rectal veins drain to?

Answer 44

Internal iliac vein

Question 45

Where do the middle rectal veins arise from?

Answer 45

Haemorrhoidal plexus

Question 46

Where do the inferior rectal veins drain?

Answer 46

Internal pudendal vein + anastomosis with the superior rectal vein + middle rectal vein

Question 47

What is drained by the internal pudendal vein?

Answer 47

Labia, clitoris and inferior rectal vein

Question 48

Where do the internal vesical veins drain to?

Answer 48

The internal iliac vein

Question 49

What does the vaginal venous plexus anastomose with?

Answer 49

Uterine, vesical and rectal venous plexuses

Question 50

Where do vaginal veins drain to?

Answer 50

Internal iliac vein

Question 51

Where does the obturator vein drain into?

Answer 51

The internal iliac vein

Question 52

What do the obturator veins drain?

Answer 52

The adductor region of the thigh

Question 53

Where do the uterine veins drain to?

Answer 53

The internal iliac artery

Question 54

Where are the uterine veins located?

Answer 54

In the broad ligament

Question 55

What is another name for the internal and external iliac veins?

Answer 55

Hypogastric veins

Question 56

What do the common iliac veins drain into?

Answer 56

Inferior vena cava

Question 57

Which vertebral level do the common iliac veins join?

Answer 57

L5

Question 58

Which vessel supplies the levator ani?

Answer 58

Inferior gluteal artery

Question 59

Which vessels exit the pelvis via the greater sciatic foramen?

Answer 59

Inferior and superior gluteal arteries and veins | Internal pudendal artery and vein