Bloodborne Diseases Flashcards
(43 cards)
What is OPIM?
Other
Potentially
Infectious
Material
What are the three blood borne pathogens?
They are viruses and bacteria in the human blood that cause diseases including:
Hepatitis B and C
And HIV
What is occupational exposure?
Reasonably anticipated skin,eye, mucous membrane, parenteral contact with blood or OPIM that may result in an employees duties
What is parenteral contact?
Entry to the body by any route other than the mouth/digestive system
Typically needle sticks, cuts/abrasions
Bites in violent situations for law enforcement etc
What are some occupational risk an officer can face while handling property of someone with a blood borne pathogen?
Needles/sharps
Cuts
Bites
Blood or secretions from the site of a fur or wound
What is blood?
Components and products of human blood
Pathogen?
An agent of disease, includes bacteria such as staph, HIV, And fungi like yeast
What is the def. of blood borne pathogens?
Pathogenic micro organisms in the human blood that cause diseases
What are some OPIM?
Semen Vaginal secretions Cerebrospinal fluid Synovial fluid-joints Pleural fluid-chest Hear, abdomen, childbirth fluid
What is hepatitis B?
It is a virus that gets into your body and attacks the liver
It’s passed thru contact w/blood or body fluids
100x easier to get than HIV
What are the three main ways to catch hep B?
1) Unprotected sex w/someone who has it
2) Being born to a mother who had it
3) sharing needles/syringes
What are some hep B symptoms?
Jaundice Fatigue Ab pain No appetite Nausea/vomiting Joint pain
Hep b Chronic infections occur in…?
90% of infants affected at birth
30% of children infected 1-5yrs
6% infected after age 5
What is the percentage of liver death in hep B?
15-20%
What is the vaccine for hep b?
3 dose series 1-6months Protection is: First dose- 30-50% Second- 75% Third- 96% Dosage last 23 years
What is hepatitis C?
It’s liver disease caused by hep c found in contact thru blood
What is the most common chronic blood borne pathogen?
Hep c
85%of cases it’s permanent
Number one cause for liver transplants
How is hep c spread?
Thru blood and needles
What is the vaccine for hep c?
There is no vaccine available
What are symptoms of hep c?
Jaundice Fatigue Loss of appetite An pain Intermittent nausea Dark urine
What are the risk groups for blood born pathogens?
Low: healthcare workers, sex with partners infected/ multi sex partners
Intermediate: hemodialysis patients, receipt of transfusions before 1992 born to moms with infections
High: injecting drugs receipt of clotting factors before 1987
What is HIV?
The virus that causes aids-attacks the immune system
Passes thru sex, blood to blood contact
Infected mothers can pass to children at birth or breast feeding
How is HIV transmitted?
Blood
Semen
Vaginal fluid
Breast milk
What are symptoms of HIV?
Unexplained fatigue
Prolonged unexplained fever, chills, night sweats
Weight/appetite loss
