BLS

Question 1

Rapid evaluation for cardiac arrest

Answer 1

Feel for the carotid pulse with 2-3 fingers (at least 5 seconds, no more than 10 seconds)

Check chest rise and fall (no more than10 seconds)

If there is no pulse and the patient is not breathing or is only gasping, begin CPR.

Question 2

Correct rate for chest compressions in adults

Answer 2

100-120 bpm

Question 3

Over how long should a breath be delivered?

Answer 3

1 second

It should be enough to make the patient’s chest visibly rise

Question 4

After you deliver an AED shock . . .

Answer 4

. . . immediately resume chest compressions

Question 5

Who gets adult AED pads?

Answer 5

Those age 8 and older

Question 6

AED pad placement for adults

Answer 6

Anterolateral vs anteroposterior

Anterolateral (shown) is typically what is done.

Question 7

If the victim is unresponsive and needs help, what do you do BEFORE starting BLS?

Answer 7

1. Shout for help
2. Activate the emergency response system via mobile device
3. Get an AED or send someone else to do so (if possible)

Question 8

What to do based on presence/absence of pulse and presence/absence normal breathing

Answer 8

Question 9

Anteroposterior placement of AED pads

Answer 9

Left side of back and left side of chest

Question 10

What pulse do you check in an infant?

Answer 10

Brachial

Question 11

Appropriate compression:breath ratio for adults

Answer 11

30 compressions : 2 breaths

Question 12

When to start chest compressions on an infant OR child

Answer 12

If no pulse OR pulse with rate < 60 bpm

Question 13

What pulse do you check in a child?

Answer 13

Femoral pulse

Question 14

Correct compression depth for a child

Answer 14

2 inches / 5 cm

Question 15

When performing CPR on children, interruptions in compressions should never exceed. . .

Answer 15

. . . 10 seconds

Question 16

Hand placement for chest compressions in an infant

Answer 16

2 fingers, just below the nipple line

OR

Both hands wrapping around thorax and using thumbs to press, just below the nipple line (this is best if there are two or more rescuers present)

Question 17

Compression : breath ratios in children and infants

Answer 17

If one rescuer: 30:2 (to minimize delays)

If more than one rescuer: 15:2

Question 18

First thing to do if a patient is unresponsive and pulseless and nobody else is around

Answer 18

If the collapse is witnessed: Activate the emergency response system and get an AED if it is available. Use AED is soon as available.

If the collapse is unwitnessed: Start with two minutes of 30:2 CPR. Then, activate the emergency response system, and return to resume CPR. Use AED is soon as available.

Question 19

What if an infant is unresponsive but you only have adult AED pads?

Answer 19

Place one on the anterior chest and one on the back

Question 20

What to do based on presence/absence of pulse and presence/absence normal breathing in a pediatric patient

Answer 20

Question 21

Appropriate compression depth for infants

Answer 21

4 cm

Question 22

Correct ventilation rate for pediatric patients and infants

Answer 22

1 breath every 2-3 seconds

Question 23

When multiple rescuers are present, how frequently should you swap compressors?

Answer 23

Every 5 cycles or 2 minutes, or sooner if the compressor becomes tired

Question 24

Chest compression fraction

Answer 24

The fraction of time spent doing high quality chest compressions

High CCFs are achieved by eliminating delays in chest compression whenever possible

10% increase in CCF = 11% increase in survival

Question 25

AED pads and hairy chests

Answer 25

If there is a razor, quickly shave the chest, then use the pads If there is not, use one set of pads to rip hair off, then place the second pair of pads

Question 26

Feedback devices monitor. . .

Answer 26

. . . **rate, depth, and recoil**

Question 27

How can naloxone be adminstered?

Answer 27

Intranasal Intramuscular Intravenous

Question 28

If there are enough people, __ is indicated in performing CPR on a pregnant patient

Answer 28

If there are enough people, **continuous lateral (left) uterine displacement** is indicated in performing CPR on a pregnant patient

Question 29

If a pregnant patient is resuscitated via CPR, they should be. . .

Answer 29

. . . **placed on their left side**

Question 30

If a choking victim's waist is too large for the Heimlich maneuver, you should perform. . .

Answer 30

. . . **chest thrusts**

Question 31

In a person who has a normal pulse, but is not breathing or not breathing normally. . .

Answer 31

**give 1 rescue breath every 6 seconds in an adult** **1 rescue breath every 2-3 seconds in a child or infant** **Do NOT delay breaths for the administration of naloxone.** Give breaths first, THEN try naloxone.

Question 32

How does CPR differ in a choking victim?

Answer 32

Check the airway for an obstructing object If visible and easily removable, attempt to remove it with your fingers

Question 33

What should you do for an unresponsive, choking infant?

Answer 33

5 back slaps, 5 chest thrusts

Question 34

Should you ever do a blind finger sweep in a choking individual?

Answer 34

NO It may just cause the object to become further inlodged in the airway.

Question 35

What to do if a choking victim *becomes* unresponsive?

Answer 35

Lay them on the ground against a hard surface and begin performing CPR; the only difference in CPR for these patients is that while giving breaths you should also **check for the obstructing object** in the airway and **attempt to remove it if visible.**

Question 36

Positioning to hold a choking infant

Answer 36

Deliver 5 back slaps between the shoulder blades with the heel of your hand Then, turn the baby over and delivery 5 quick downward chest thrusts (2 fingers) Repeat until 1) the object is removed, or 2) the infant becomes unresponsive (in which case begin CPR)