BLS

Question 1

What is the compression to breaths ratio for adult CPR?

Answer 1

30 compressions to two breaths.

Question 2

What is the compression to breaths ratio for a one rescuer child/infant CPR?

Answer 2

30:2

Question 3

What is the compression to breaths ratio for a two rescuer child/infant CPR?

Answer 3

15:2

Question 4

You find a child that is responsive, choking, has a pulse. What do you do?

Answer 4

5 chest thrusts with two fingers then 5 back slaps. Support the head throughout.

Question 5

What is the preferred method for chest compressions with two rescuers for an infant?

Answer 5

Two thumbs on the sternum with hands wrapped around the chest

Question 6

How deep should you compress the chest of an adult during CPr?

Answer 6

2 inches to 2.4 inches

Question 7

How deep should you compress the chest of a child during cpr?

Answer 7

2 inches, 1/3 the depth of the chest

Question 8

How deep should you compress the chest of an infant during cpr?

Answer 8

1.5 inches, 1/3 the diameter of the chest.

Question 9

How many compressions should you do in one minute during cpr?

Answer 9

100-120 compressions a minute

Question 10

What is the preferred method to open an airway if you suspect a spine/neck injury

Answer 10

Jaw thrust

Question 11

What are the two types of opening an airway?

Answer 11

Head tilt chin lift or jaw thrust

Question 12

What does CPR stand for?

Answer 12

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

Question 13

How long after recognizing cardiac arrest should you begin chest compression?

Answer 13

10 seconds.

Question 14

For BLS, what age is considered an infant

Answer 14

Less than one year (excluding newly born infants in the delivery room)

Question 15

In BLS, what age is considered a child

Answer 15

1 year of age to puberty (signs of puberty are chest or underarm hair in males; any breast development in females)

Question 16

What is ROSC?

Answer 16

Return of Spontaneous Circulation

Question 17

What are the five key elements that affect all chains of survival

Answer 17

Initial support
Resuscitation teams
Available resources
Resuscitation constraints
Levels of complexity

Question 18

Where do most out of hospital cardiac arrests occur?

Answer 18

Homes

Question 19

Which is the most common cause of cardiac arrest in children

Answer 19

Respiratory failure or shock

Question 20

What is the third link in the adult out of hospital chain of survival

Answer 20

Defibrillation

Question 21

Why is prevention of cardiac arrest the first link in the pediatric chains of survival?

Answer 21

Early identification of respiratory or circulatory problems and appropriate treatment may prevent progression to cardiac arrest.

Question 22

What two actions are most closely related to good resuscitation outcomes?

Answer 22

High quality cpr with minimal interruptions and early defibrillation

Question 23

What is the first step in BLS,regardless of the age of the patient?

Answer 23

Verify scene safety

Question 24

What is step 2 of the BLS algorithm, regardless of age?

Answer 24

Check for responsiveness- tap and shout/ tap and tickle for an infant.
Send someone to get an AED
Have someone call 911/ initiate the emergency response system.

Question 25

What is step three of the BLS algorithm, regardless of age?

Answer 25

Look for signs of breathing and check for pulse (do this simultaneously)

Question 26

How long should you check for a pulse?

Answer 26

At least 5 seconds, no more than 10 seconds.

Question 27

If the patient does not have normal breathing but has a definitive pulse, what are your next actions for an adult

Answer 27

Provide rescue breaths, 1 breath every 6 seconds or 10 breaths/min. Check pulse every 2 min If no pulse, start cpr If possible opioid overdose, administer naloxone if available per protocol.

Question 28

During step three your patient doesn’t have a pulse or regular breathing, what is your next step for an adult?

Answer 28

Start CPR, 30:2

Question 29

As soon as the AED arrives on site, what are the two universal steps of use?

Answer 29

Turn it on Follow the audio messages

Question 30

If the AED detects a shockable rhythm, and prompts you to deliver one shock, when do you start CPR again?

Answer 30

When Directed by the prompt or after the shock is delivered and continue until the AED prompts you to stop for a rhythm check.

Question 31

When the AED arrives and a second person is putting the pads on the bare chest, do you stop CPR to allow the pads to be placed?

Answer 31

No, continue high quality CPR

Question 32

When should you change out the person conducting chest compressions?

Answer 32

Every 5 cycles or about 2 min.

Question 33

What are Agonal Gasps

Answer 33

Agonal gasps are not normal breathing. May appear forceful or weak. May occur slow and irregular rate. May sound like a snort, snore, or groan.

Question 34

Where do you check for a pulse on an adult?

Answer 34

Carotid artery

Question 35

In all scenarios, by the time you are checking for a pulse and breathing, what two steps should already be happening?

Answer 35

Someone has activated the emergency response system Someone has gone to get the AED

Question 36

During high quality CPR, what happens during chest compressions?

Answer 36

Compressing the chest pumps blood from the heart to the brain and then to the rest of the body.

Question 37

Why is it important to allow the chest to recoil completely before another chest compression?

Answer 37

It allows the blood to flow into the heart. Incomplete recoil reduces the filling of the heart between compressions and reduces blood flow created by chest compressions.

Question 38

What is CCF

Answer 38

Chest Compression Fraction. The proportion of time that rescuers perform chest compressions during CPR.

Question 39

What percentage of CCF increases likelihood of ROSC?

Answer 39

60% or greater. With good teamwork and training, most teams can accomplish 80%.

Question 40

If the scene is safe, should you move someone during starting CPR?

Answer 40

No. Only move them if the scene becomes unsafe or you cannot perform cpr effectively.

Question 41

If you suspect a head or neck injury and the person is not laying on their back, what should you consider before rolling the person over?

Answer 41

Keep the head neck and torso in line when rolling them over. Ask someone to help you.

Question 42

What are some considerations when administering CPR to a woman who is visibly pregnant?