Blue M2

Question 1

At what temp will the coagulation system have a significant reduction in function?

Answer 1

< 33 degrees

Question 2

EBV

Answer 2

Males Wx7,5%
Females Wx7%

Question 3

BSA

Answer 3

Body surface area

(H+W-60)/100

Question 4

EBF
Estimated blood flow

Answer 4

2,4xBSA

Question 5

Hct2

Answer 5

(Hct1 x EBV) / (EBV + PrV)

Question 6

Cooling gradients

Answer 6

V-A 5 degrees C
V-W 8-10 degrees C

Question 7

Warming gradient

Answer 7

10 degrees or less

Question 8

Crash cooling

Answer 8

• Initiate at patient temperature
• HCU to 3-15 degrees
• Arterial line never under 10 degrees
• moderate tp when close to desired tp

Question 9

At which temperature does the coagulation system become completely ineffective

Answer 9

18-25 degrees

Question 10

At which temperature does the coagulation system start to become inefficient

Answer 10

< 33 degrees

Question 11

Normal APTT

Answer 11

30-50 sek

Question 12

When can’t APTT be used

Answer 12

When there is a high heparin does (on bypass)

Question 13

What affects ACT

Answer 13

• Temperature (low temp will make ACT go up)
• Plt
• Hemodilution

Question 14

What kind of cannulas for a surgery where you have to open on the right side of the heart?

Answer 14

Bi caval (2 single stage catheters)

Question 15

Which way does the O2 dissociation curve shift to when the patient has acidosis?

Answer 15

Curves shifts to the right
Acidosis pH lower than 7,35

Question 16

What should the DO2 be?

Answer 16

Min. 280-300 ml/min/m2

Question 17

What should MAP be at?

Answer 17

50-80 mmHg

Question 18

Normal cl-
What can a high cl- lead to?

Answer 18

98-108
Hyperchloremic acidosis

Question 19

What is hypercloremic acidosis

Answer 19

A type of metabolic acidosis where a high chloride reduce bicarbonate lvl.

Question 20

Low ph is?

Answer 20

Acidosis

Question 21

High ph

Answer 21

Alkalosis

Question 22

Normal BE?

Answer 22

-2 - +2

Question 23

Normal HCO3-

Answer 23

22-26mmol

Question 24

Normal PaO2

Answer 24

10-13,3kpa

Question 25

Normal PaCO2

Answer 25

4.7-6kpa

Question 26

Correlation between pH and CO2 (Low/high)

Answer 26

High pH = low CO2 (alkaloses) Low pH = high CO2 (acidosis)

Question 27

When the patient gets cold what happens to the ph and co2

Answer 27

The patient gets alkaloses - and ph will rise and co2 will decrease

Question 28

When you cool the patient what happens with ph, co2 and dissociation curve?

Answer 28

pH goes up (alkaloses), CO2 goes down, dissociation curve shifts left!

Question 29

Explain oxy-hb dissociation curve

Answer 29

Left shift (high pH, low CO2) oxygen binds more strongly to hb, and vice versa with a right shift

Question 30

Normal LVEF

Answer 30

50-70%

Question 31

When is LVEF a concern?

Answer 31

Under 50% - cardiac dysfunction or heart failure Under 35% - significant reduction