Blue Planet test Flashcards
(52 cards)
What are the 4 spheres of the earth?
- hydrosphere
- lithosphere
- biosphere
- atmosphere
Hydrosphere
- the biggest sphere
- where all water on our earth is found
-oceans, streams, lakes, and rivers and ice
Lithosphere
The lithosphere is the solid, outer part of Earth. The lithosphere includes the upper portion of the mantle and the crust, the outermost layers of Earth’s structure. It contains land rocks and minerals
biosphere
-a global ecosystem made up of living organisms
atmosphere
-made of the layers of gases surrounding a planet
- the thinnest layer
How is the atmosphere broken up?
The atmosphere is broken up into many different layers:
Troposphere: lowest level in the atmosphere, contains 80% of the air and where weather hppens
Stratosphere:(absorbs harmful rays from the sun)
Mesosphere: coldest layer no breathable air
thermosphere: highest you can go an still be on earth it deals with intense amounts of heat and radiation from the sun
What does the atmosphere comprise of?
-02 allows organisms to respire
- 03 protects from uv
-c02
- h20
-n2
The oxygen cycle
-the movement between biotic and abiotic factors
-21% atmosphere is oxygen
-33% hydrosphere is oxygen
-22% biosphere is oxygen
- oxygen exists as 02,03,h20 and co2
the movement of oxygen
-atoms->litho->bio
-sources of oxygen production are plants sunlight reacting with water vapor
oxygen is removed form the atmosphere through..
- decay organisms
- cellular respiration
- weathering of exposed rocks
Three important processes of the oxygen cycle
- photosynthesis
- cellular respiration
- Photolysis
- photosynthesis LEARN EQAUTIONS
The process plants use to synthesis oxygen and sugar
- cellular respiration LEARN EQAUTIONS
the process by which cells derive energy from glucose
- Photolysis
uv light breaks down water into oxygen and hydrogen
why is bacteria vital in the nitrogen cycle
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the soil and within the root convert nitrogen gas in the atmosphere to ammonia. Nitrifying bacteria convert ammonia to nitrites or nitrates. Ammonia, nitrites, and nitrates are all fixed nitrogen and can be absorbed by plants. it supply plants with the vital nutrient that they cannot obtain from the air themselves
nitrogen fixing bacteria
root nodules of certain plants.
denitrifying bacteria
return nitrogen back to the atmosphere
how does human activity affect the nitrogen cycle
fossil fuels emissions
and run off from fertilizers
the four main steps in the phosphorus cycle
- weathering
- absorption
- decompitison
- Sediment
the three most important bacteria’s in the nitrogen cycle
Nitrite
nitrate
ammonia
How can phosphorous effect the water ways
run of can lead to excessive levels of phosphorus in waterways which results in a aquatic plants which results in the consumption of oxygen with in the environment an suffocates fish and blocks sunlight this is called eutrophication
eutrophication
he process in which a water body becomes overly enriched with nutrients, leading to algae and other bacteria growth
how can human activity effects the phosphorus cycle
Human actions—mining phosphorus and transporting it in fertilizers, animal feeds, agricultural crops, and other productsare altering the global P cycle, causing P to accumulate in some of the world’s soil.
weathering
the minerals containing p enter water ways
