Board study Flashcards
(178 cards)
1
Q
Naproxen Sodium/ Aleve (class)
A
NSAID
2
Q
Salsalate/ Discalced (class)
A
NSAID
3
Q
Indomethacin/ Inocin (class)
A
NSAID
4
Q
Naproxen Sodium/ Aleve (use)
A
Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic
5
Q
Salsalate/ Discalced (use)
A
Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic
6
Q
Indomethacin/ Inocin (use)
A
Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic
7
Q
Naproxen Sodium/ Aleve (side effects)
A
GI irritation, fluid retention, renal/liver problems, prolonged bleeding.
8
Q
Salsalate/ Discalced (side effects)
A
GI irritation, fluid retention, renal/liver problems, prolonged bleeding.
9
Q
Indomethacin/ Inocin (side effects)
A
GI irritation, fluid retention, renal/liver problems, prolonged bleeding.
10
Q
Colecoxib/ Celebrex, Valdecoxib/ Bextra (class)
A
NSAID- COX 2 inhibitors
11
Q
Colecoxib/ Celebrex, Valdecoxib/ Bextra (use)
A
Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic
12
Q
Colecoxib/ Celebrex, Valdecoxib/ Bextra (side effects)
A
Fluid retention, renal/liver problems, prolonged bleeding. Less GI irritation, but increased heart related conditions.
13
Q
Cyclobenzaprine HCL/ Flexeril (class)
A
Muscle relaxant
14
Q
Methocarbamol/ Robaxin (class)
A
Muscle relaxant
15
Q
Carisoprodol/ Soma (class)
A
Muscle relaxant
16
Q
Cyclobenzaprine HCL/ Flexeril (use)
A
Acute muscle spam relief. Work on CNS to reduce skeletal muscle tone by depressing the internuncial neurons of the brain and spinal cord.
17
Q
Methocarbamol/ Robaxin (use)
A
Acute muscle spam relief. Work on CNS to reduce skeletal muscle tone by depressing the internuncial neurons of the brain and spinal cord.
18
Q
Carisoprodol/ Soma (use)
A
Work on CNS to reduce skeletal muscle tone by depressing the internuncial neurons of the brain and spinal cord.
19
Q
Diazepam/ Valium (class)
A
Muscle Relaxant
20
Q
Diazepam/ Valium (use)
A
Work on CNS to reduce skeletal muscle tone by depressing the internuncial neurons of the brain and spinal cord.
21
Q
Tizanidine/ Zanaflex (use)
A
Treat spasticity. Work on CNS to reduce skeletal muscle tone by depressing the internuncial neurons of the brain and spinal cord. Used for cerebral palsy.
22
Q
Tizanidine/ Zanaflex (class)
A
Muscle relaxant
23
Q
Cyclobenzaprine HCL/ Flexeril (side effects)
A
Drowsiness, lethargy, ataxia, decreased alertness, ataxia, tachycardia
24
Q
Methocarbamol/ Robaxin (side effects)
A
Drowsiness, lethargy, ataxia, decreased alertness, ataxia, tachycardia
25
Carisprodol/ Soma (side effects)
Drowsiness, lethargy, ataxia, decreased alertness, ataxia, tachycardia
26
Diazepam/ Valium (side effects)
Drowsiness, abusive behavior results in withdrawal symptoms.
27
Tizanidine/ Zanaflex (side effects)
Hypotension
28
Dethamexasone (class)
Anti-inflammatory/ Glucocorticosteroid
29
Dethamexasone (use)
Iontophoresis
30
Salicylates (class)
Anti-inflammatory
31
Salicylate (use)
Iontophoresis
32
Dethamexasone (side effects)
Adrenal insufficiency, immunosuppress, depression, cataracts, Cushing's Syndrome, fluid retention, hyperglycemia, Osteoporosis, myopathy, GI irritation
33
Prednisone (class)
Anti-inflammatory/ Glucocorticosteroid
34
Prednisone (side effects)
Adrenal insufficiency, immunosuppress, depression, cataracts, Cushing's Syndrome, fluid retention, hyperglycemia, Osteoporosis, myopathy, GI irritation
35
Methotrexate (class)
Disease Modifying Antirheumatic (DMARDs)
36
Anticytokines/ Enbrel (class)
Disease Modifying Antirheumatic (DMARDs)
37
Leflunomide/ Arava (class)
Disease Modifying Antirheumatic (DMARDs)
38
Infliximab/ Remicade (class)
Disease Modifying Antirheumatic (DMARDs)
39
Methotrexate (side effects)
Hepatic dysfunction, GI disturbance, thrombocytopenia. *NOT for use with renal disfunction. *Folic acid may decrease with use
40
Methotrexate (use)
Stops inflammation and joint destruction. Anticancer agent
41
Anticytokines/ Enbrel (use)
Inactivates TNF alpha which is directly involved in RA inflammation.
42
Infliximab/ Remicade (use)
Inhibits T cells and B cells
43
Leflunomide/ Arava (use)
Inhibits T cells and B cells (autoimmune process)
44
Infliximab/ Remicade (side effects)
Risk of serious infection
45
Leflunomide/ Arava (side effects)
Risk of serious infection
46
Anticytokines/ Enbrel (side effects)
few side effects
47
Ventolin/ Albuterol (class)
Beta-2 agonist (sympathomimetics): Short Acting
48
Alupent/ Metaproterenol (class)
Beta-2 agonist (sympathomimetics): Short Acting
49
Maxair/ Pirbuterol (class)
Beta-2 agonist (sympathomimetics): Short Acting
50
Ventolin/ Albuterol (use)
Bronchodilation
51
Alupent/ Metaproterenol (use)
Bronchodilation
52
Maxair/ Pirbuterol (use)
Bronchodilation
53
Ventolin/ Albuterol (side effects)
Increased HR and BP
54
Alupent/ Metaproternol (side effects)
Increased HR and BP
55
Maxair/ Pirbuterol (side effects)
Increased HR and BP
56
Serevent/ Salmeterol Xinafoate (class)
Beta-2 agonist (sympathomimetics): Long Acting
57
Atrovent/ Ipratropium (use)
Inhibit PNS, increase HR, increase BP, bronchodilate
58
Atrovent/ Ipratropium (class)
Anticholinergic
59
Atrovent/ Ipratropium (side effects)
Lack of sweating, dry mouth, delusions
60
Aminophylline, Theophylline (use)
Smooth muscle relaxation
61
Aminophylline, Theophylline (class)
Methylxantines
62
Aminophylline, Theophylline (side effects)
Serious toxicity, increased BP, increased HR, arrhythmia, GI distress, nervousness, headache, seizures.
63
Montelukast/Singulair (use)
Block leukotrines released in allergic reactions. Inhibit airway edema and smooth muscle contraction.
64
Montelukast/Singulair (class)
Leukotriene receptor antagonist
65
Intal (use)
Prevent release of mast cells (histamine) after contact with allergens. Used prophylactically to prevent bronchospasm.
66
Intal (side effect)
hoarseness, cough, dry mouth, bronchial irritation. Sx of OD = paradoxical bronchospasm.
67
Intal (class)
Cromolyn Sodium: Antiallergic drug
68
Beclomethasone/ Vanceril (class)
Anti-inflammatory MDI steroid
69
Triamcinolone/ Azmacort (class)
Anti-inflammatory MDI steroid
70
Beclomethasone/ Vanceril (use)
Decreases mucosal edema, inflammation, and airway reactivity.
71
Triamcinolone/ Azmacort (use)
Decreases mucosal edema, inflammation, and airway reactivity.
72
Beclomethasone/ Vanceril (side effects)
(Systemic) Increased BP, sodium retention, muscle wasting, Osteoporosis, GI irritation, hypercholesterolemia. (Inhaled) Thrush, fungal infection of mouth/ throat.
73
Triamcinolone/ Azmacort (side effect)
(Systemic) Increased BP, sodium retention, muscle wasting, Osteoporosis, GI irritation, hypercholesterolemia. (Inhaled) Thrush, fungal infection of mouth/ throat.
74
Prednisone (use)
Anti-inflammatory used for crisis pulmonary situation, RA, DJD
75
Antibiotic (side effects)
Allergic reaction, stomach cramps, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
76
Glucosamine (use)
DJD
77
Chondroitin (use)
Prevent breakdown and repair of cartilage
78
Penicillamine, Imuran (class)
DMARDs, immunosuppressant, Sulfa drug
79
Penicillamine, Imuran (use)
Antirheumatic properties
80
Penicillamine, Imuran (side effects)
Mental status change, retinopathy, muscle weakness, decreased DTRs.
81
Choloquine (class)
DMARDs, Antimalarials
82
Anakinra/ Kineret (class)
DMARDs
83
Anakinra/ Kineret (use)
Diminish bone erosion and cartilage distruction
84
Anakinra/ Kineret (side effects)
Risk for serious infection
85
Cyclosporine/ Neoral) (class)
DMARDs, immunosuppressant
86
Cyclosporine/ Neoral (use)
Potent immunosuppressant which reduces T cell and B cell activation.
87
Cyclosporine/ Neoral (side effects)
Hypertension, nephrotoxicity
88
Gold Therapy (side effects)
Blood disorders, renal dysfunciton, dermatitis. *Oral is better tolerated, IM is more effective.
89
Alendronate/ Fosomax (use)
Inhibit osetoclastic bone resorption to increase bone mass density and decrease risk for fx.
90
Risedronate/ Actonel (use)
Inhibit osetoclastic bone resorption to increase bone mass density and decrease risk for fx.
91
Aledronate/ Fosomax (class)
Biphosphonate
92
Risedronate/ Actonel (class)
Biphosphonate
93
Risedronate/ Actonel (side effects)
GI problems, myalgias, esophageal lesions. *30 minutes before eating. Sit upright/stand for 30 minutes after taking.
94
Aledronate/ Fosomax (side effects)
GI problems, myalgias, esophageal lesions. *30 minutes before eating. Sit upright/stand for 30 minutes after taking.
95
Etidronate/ Didronel (class)
Diphosphonate
96
Etidronate/ Didronel (use)
Paget's disease, heterotopic ossificaiton (post SCI/ THA)
97
Teriparatide/ Forteo (class)
Biphosphonate/ Anti-estrogen agent
98
Teriparatide/ Forteo (use)
Contains parathyroid hormone and Raloxifene/Evista for prevention/ tx of osteoporosis in POSTmenapausal women.
99
Teriparatide/ Forteo (side effects)
Hot flashes, leg cramps
100
Calcitonin (class)
Biphosphonate
101
Calcitonin (use)
Paget's disease, diminish osetoclast activity
102
Calcitonin (side effects)
Pain, myalgias, headache, nasal symptoms (nasal spray)
103
Hormone replacement therapy (side effects)
Increased risk for breast cancer and cardiovascular problems
104
Baclofen/ Lioresal (class)
Muscle relaxant
105
Baclofen/ Lioresal (use)
Decrease spasticity or reduce painful flexor/ extensor spasm: Inhibits NT in the brain (i.e. Substance P)
106
Baclofen/ Lioresal (side effects)
Drowsiness, increased seizures if patient has EPILEPSY
107
Dantrolene/ Dantrium (use)
Blocks the release of calcium to decrease CHRONIC spasticity
108
Dantrolene/ Dantrium (class)
Muscle relaxant
109
Dantrolene/ Dantrium (side effects)
Drowsiness, dizziness, diarrhea, photosensitivity, toxic hepatitis, seizures, tachycardia, muscle weakness. *NOT with cardiac or respiratory dysfunciton
110
Morphine, Codeine, Hyrocodone/ Vicodin, Methadone (class)
Opioid Narcotic
111
Morphine, Codeine, Hyrocodone/ Vicodin, Methadone (use)
Analgesia for severe acute, chronic, or cancer-related pain. Antitussive, antidiarrheal, dyspnea with MI, acute pulmonary edema, left ventricular failure.
112
Morphine, Codeine, Hyrocodone/ Vicodin, Methadone (side effects)
Mental status change, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, hypotension, respiratory depression, addiciton, physiological withdrawal.
113
Oxycodone/ (Percocet, Percodan, OxyContin), Meperidine/ Demerol, Hydroporphone/ Dilaudid (use)
Analgesia for severe acute, chronic, or cancer-related pain. Antitussive, antidiarrheal, dyspnea with MI, acute pulmonary edema, left ventricular failure.
114
Oxycodone/ (Percocet, Percodan, OxyContin), Meperidine/ Demerol, Hydroporphone/ Dilaudid (side effects)
Mental status change, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, hypotension, respiratory depression, addiciton, physiological withdrawal.
115
Oxycodone/ (Percocet, Percodan, OxyContin), Meperidine/ Demerol, Hydroporphone/ Dilaudid (side effects)
Opioid Narcotic
116
Fentanyl/ Duragesic/ Actiq (class)
Opiod Narcotic
117
Fentanyl/ Duragesic/ Actiq (use)
stable, chronic pain
(Duragesic- patch)
(Actiq Buccal- lozenge next to cheek for 15-45 minute "breakthrough" pain relief)
118
Hydrocholrothiazide/HCTZ/ HydroDiuril (class)
Thiazide Diuretic
119
Hydrocholrothiazide/HCTZ/ HydroDiuril use)
Decreased vascular resistance. Inhibit tubular reabsportion of sodium and cholride in the kidney (inhibits water reabsorption = increased urine volume)
120
Hydrocholrothiazide/HCTZ/ HydroDiuril (side effects)
Hyperclycemia, hypO-KALEMIA, hyperuricemia, increased LDL, hypER-CALEMIA
121
Furosemide/Lasix, Bumex, Edecrin (class)
Loop diuretics
122
Furosemide/Lasix, Bumex, Edecrin (use)
Decreased vascular resistance: Inhibit sodium and chloride reabsorption in the loops of Henle.
123
Furosemide/Lasix, Bumex, Edecrin (side effect)
Hyperclycemia, hypO-KALEMIA, hyperuricemia, increased LDL, hypO-CALEMIA
124
Aldactone, Dyrenium, Midamor (use)
Decrease vascular resistance.
125
Aldactone, Dyrenium, Midamor (class)
Potassium (K+) sparing diuretic
126
Aldactone, Dyrenium, Midamor (side effects)
HypER-KALEMIA
127
Propanolol/ Inderal (class)
Non-selective beta blockers (heart, lungs, arterioles)
128
Nadolol/ Corgard (class)
Non-selective beta blockers (heart, lungs, arterioles)
129
Penbutolol/ Levatol (class)
Non-selective beta blockers (heart, lungs, arterioles)
130
Beta blockers (side effects)
Sleep disturbances, mental status change, depression, disorientation, cold extremities (peripheral vaso-constriction)
131
Lopressor/Atenolol (class)
Beta-1 Selective beta blocker (heart)
132
Lopressor/Atenolol (use)
Antihypertensive: blocks rennin release from the kidney and decreased CO by decreasing HR.
133
Procardia XL, Norvasc, Cardizem, Verapamil (class)
Calcium channel blockers
134
Calcium Channel Blockers (side effects)
Significant brachycardia, peripheral vasodilation (flushing, headache, ankle swelling, reflex tachycardia)
135
Procardia XL, Norvasc, Cardizem, Verapamil (use)
Decreased peripheral resistance and vasodilation in coronary arteries (decreased contractility): Inhibit influx of Ca2+ ions into myocardial and vascular cells.
136
Prazosin/ Minipress (class)
Alpha-adrenergic blocker (Alpha-1)
137
Prazosin/ Minipress (use)
Arterial and venous vasodilation: Blocks alpha-1 receptors in smooth muscle.
138
Prazosin/ Minipress (side effects)
Syncope, headache, palpiations.
139
Clonidine/Catapres, Methyldopa/Aldomet (class)
Alpha-adrenergic blocker (Alpha-2)
140
Clonidine/Catapres, Methyldopa/Aldomet (use)
Decrease HR, BP, peripheral resistance: stimulate alpha-2 receptors in brain stem to decrease SNS signals.
141
Clonidine/Catapres, Methyldopa/Aldomet (side effects)
Dry mouth, sedation, depression
142
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) (use)
Three or more anti-HIV medications to help people live longer and prevent from progression to AIDS.
143
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) (side effects)
Rash, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea dizziness, weakness, fatigue, muscle pain, numbness, tingling, kidney stones, hyperglycemia, hypercholeterolemia.
144
Isoniazid, Rifampin, Rafapentine (use)
Treatment for TB taken for 6-9 months.
145
Tricyclic Anti-depressants (side effects)
Disturbed balance, postural hypotension, falls, fractures, increased HR, dysrhythmias, ataxia, seizures.
146
Nitroglycerin (class)
Nitrate (angina)
147
Nitroglycerin (use)
Sublingual, peripheral vasodilation and vasodilation for collateral vesses of the heart.
148
Nitroglycerin (side effects)
Dizziness, flushing, headache, reflex tachycardia
149
Zoloft, Paxil, Ativan (class)
Anti-depressants
150
Zoloft, Paxil, Ativan (use)
Depression, stress-related angina
151
Quinipril/ Accupril (class)
ACE inhibitor
152
Quinipril/ Accupril (use)
Manage L ventricular failure. Inhibits conversion of angiotensin I to antiogtensin II (inhibits vascular smooth muscle contraction). Secretion of aldosterone is inhibited which decreased Na+ and H2O retension. Prevents inactivation of bradykinin which leads to vasodilation.
153
Quinipril/ Accupril (side effects)
Nonproductive, dry cough, decreased taste, excessive hypotension, hyperkalemia, angioedema. C A P T O
154
Captopril/Capoten (class)
ACE inhibitor
155
Fosinopril/ Monopril (class)
ACE inhibitor
156
Benazepril/ Lotensin (class)
ACE inhibitor
157
Digoxin/ Lanoxin (class)
Cardiac Glycoside
158
Digoxin/ Lanoxin (use)
Stage 4 CHF with systolic dysfunction and arrhythmia. Increases the force of contraction.
159
Digoxin/ Lanoxin (side effects)
TOXICITY (arrhythmia, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, mental status change, hallucinations, blurred vision)
160
Hydralazine/ Apresoline, Minoxidil (class)
Vasodilator
161
Hydralazine/ Apresoline, Minoxidil (use)
Vasodilator with CHF, hypertension
162
Hydralazine/ Apresoline, Minoxidil (side effects)
GI disturbances, headache, flushing, nasal congestion, reflex tachycardia, Lupus-like syndrome (myalgia, arthralgia, rash)
163
Warfarin/ Coumadin (class)
Anticoagulant
164
Warfarin/ Coumadin (use)
Agonish of vitamin K which results in inhibition of clotting. Treats emboli, MI, and prevent venous thrombus.
165
Warfarin/ Coumadin (side effects)
Massive hemorrhage, microemboli
166
Heparin/ Fragmin/ Levenox/ Innohep (class)
Anticoagulant
167
Heparin/ Fragmin/ Levenox/ Innohep (use)
Inhibits thrombin and other clotting factors
168
Heparin/ Fragmin/ Levenox/ Innohep (side effects)
Increased risk of bleeding.
169
Clopidogrel/ Plavix (class)
Antiplatelet Therapy - Aspirin
170
Clopidogrel/ Plavix (use)
Inhibits platelet aggregation at the injury site. Treats CAD, angina, MI prevention, and PVD.
171
Ticlopidine/ Ticlid (class)
Antiplatelet Therapy- Aspirin
172
Ticlopidine/ Ticlid (side effects)
GI symptoms, dizziness, neuropenia
173
Ticlopidine/ Ticlid (use)
Inhibits platelet aggregation at the injury site. Treats CAD, angina, MI prevention, and PVD. *TIA and CVA
174
Benztropine/ Congentin (class)
Anticholinergic
175
Oxybutynin/ Diropan (class)
Anticholinergic
176
Artane (class)
Anticholinergic
177
Anticholinergic (use)
Parkinson's disease, muscle relaxant
178
Anticholinergic (side effects)
Dry skin, no sweating, palpitations, mental status change, cardiac effects, pulmonary side effects, bleeding, Leukopenia, visual disturbances. TOXICITY = hot, dry, mad
