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1
Q

DDP-4
- examples
- Side effects

A

DDP-4 Inhibitors: Saxagliptin, sitagliptin, linagliptin, alogliptin cause headache URI, elevated liver enzymes

pancreatitis
angioedema?

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2
Q

canagliflozin

A

SGLT-2

UTI
Candiasis
Ketoacidosis

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3
Q

Thiazolidinediones

A

Thiazolidinediones: Pioglitazone and rosiglitazone, weight gain, salt retention, edema

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4
Q

Amantadine use

A

Amantadine can be used for patients under 65 years of age who are only experiencing tremors. Parkinson

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5
Q

Sitagliptin

A

DDP

DDP-4 Inhibitors: Saxagliptin, sitagliptin, linagliptin, alogliptin cause headache URI, elevated liver enzymes

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6
Q

Pioglitazone

A

Thiazolidinediones: Pioglitazone and rosiglitazone, weight gain, salt retention, edema

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7
Q

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors used for

A

such as rasagiline and non-ergot dopamine agonists such as ropinirole are not as effective as carbidopa/levodopa for motor symptoms, but they do not cause the dyskinesias and motor fluctuations seen with levodopa. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors are considered first-line therapy for patients under age 65 with mild motor symptoms.

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8
Q

First line treatment of acute mountain sickness

A

dexamethasone

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9
Q

Tx hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

A

Beta blocker

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10
Q

Sulfonylureas

A

Glipizide, Glimepride, glyburide

Weight Gain
Hypoglycemia

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11
Q

Initial tx sarcoidosis

A

Steroids

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12
Q

Liraglutide

A

GLP-4

N/V Diarrhea
Risk pancreatitis

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13
Q

Ciprofloxacin coverage

A

Gram negative Rods

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14
Q

Immune deficiency that can present later in life

A

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVD)

Recurrent sinusitis and pneumonia

No response to vaccine = IgG deficiency
Recurrent infections = IgA deficiency

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15
Q

COPD FEV1/FVC ratio < 0.7 start with what medication

A

LABA (salmeterol) or LAMA (tiotropium)

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16
Q

Yersinia type of bacteria

A

Gram negative rod

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17
Q

Listeria type of bacteria

A

Gram positive rod

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18
Q

Ecoli type of bacteria

A

Gram negative rod

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19
Q

Check aldosteronine/renin in

A

Primary hyperALDOSTERONISM

hypokalemia
HTN

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20
Q

Blood thinner for malignancy

A

Enoxaparin (LMWH) Lovenox

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21
Q

Blood thinner for PE in pregnancy

A

Xarelto (rivaroxaban)

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22
Q

V1-V4 Stemi

A

Anterior
LAD

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23
Q

Medication to add to statin if not tolerated

A

Ezetimibe

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24
Q

Elective stent placement how long on antiplatelet (2)

A

Bare metal: 1 month

Drug eluting: 6 months

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25
V5-V6 Stemi
Lateral Circumflex
26
Myalgia difference between muscle aches, myositis and rhabdo
Muscle aches no change in labs Myositis elevated CK Rhabo elevated CK and Elevated creatinine
27
When do you need high intensity statin (3)
1. Individual with ASCVD (atherosclotic dis) <= 75 2. LDL >= 190 3. 40-75 DM w/ ASCVD risk >= 7.5%
28
HR w/ reduced EF - percentage - what changes
<40% Ventricular stretch
29
Preserved EF level - Type - Function changes (2) - Due to
>= 50% Diastolic HF Ventricles dont stretch Thicker & more non-compliant Hypertensive LV hypetrophy
30
Lead II, III, aVF stemi
Inferior infarct RCA
31
BNP secreted when
From ventricles due to volume expansion & pressure overload - decrease creatinine clearance - increase BNP
32
When to implant defibrillator
EF <= 35%
33
Hib vaccination restriction
No further catch up dose if dose administered at age 15 months or older 4th dose total
34
DTAP restrictions
Dose 5 not necessary if dose 4 given at 4 years or older
35
Lateral stemi what leads
V5-V6
36
Cardiovert vs defibrillate
Cardiovert: pulse but unstable Defib: no pulse
37
Group A strep criteria
Temp > 100.4 No cough Swollen tender cervical lymph nodes Tonsillar swelling/ exudates Age 3-14 (Minus 1 if > 45) 0-1 no testing 2-3 test 4-5 treat
37
Barium swallow is for
Dysphagia not GERD
38
Antidepressant in children
Fluxetine Escitalopram
39
Antidepressant in pregnancy (3)
Citalopram Escitalopram Sertraline
40
Inferior STEMI what leads
II, III, aVF
41
What medication can cause hyponatremia
SSRI
42
GOLD Assessment
43
Schizophreniform
Like scizophrenia but less than 6 months (more than 2 months)
44
Delusions/ hallucinations in absence of mood disorder
Schizoaffective disorder
45
Anterior Stemi what leads
V1-V4
46
Acute stress disorder vs PTSD
Acute stress disorder is 3 days to 1 month PTSD > 1 month
47
Branched septate hyphae
Aspergillosis
48
Non septate hyphae wide angle branching
Mucor
49
Pseudohyphae and budding yeast
Candida
50
Bacterial meningitis
Increase pressure > 1000 WBC Protein > 200 (normal 15-45) Low glucose (< 40)
51
Viral meningitis
Normal pressure WBC elevated but < 300 Protein elevated but < 200 NORMAL glucose
52
P value
is the probability the null hypothesis is true
53
Nerve for thumb and pointer finger
Median nerve
54
What can cause a false negative on a serolgoic test for celiac disease
IgA deficiecy
55
Risk of GI bleedign with
SSRI
56
tamoxifen increases risk for
endometrial cancer
57
Medication for pregnant alcoholic
Naltrexone Dont use acamprosate, disulfiram (increased level of acetaldehyde), lorazepam (alcohol withdrawal), topiramate (can cause cleft lip/palate)
58
UTi in pregnancy tx
Nitrofurantoin Cephalexin?
59
Asymptomatic bacturia tx
Cephalexin
60
Tx depression in pregnancy first line
Sertraline
61
Potato salad bacteria
S. Aureus
62
TTP vs HUS
TTP: FEVER, neurologic signs, thrombocytopenia, anemia, renal dysfunction HUS: thrombocytopenia, kidney disease, BLOODY DIARRHEA, increased creatinine (ecoli)
63
Saddle nose, asthma allergies
Granulomatosis w/ polyangiitis
64
Muscle weakness in thighs that improved with repeative movements
Lambert eaton
65
Tx Von willebrand
Desmopressin
66
Angioedema deficiency
C1 esterase deficiency
67
Decreased hearing and AKI
Alporrts
68
Reduce Tumor lysis syndrome
Allopurinol
69
Itching after shower -disease - mutation - tx
Polycythema vera JAK2 mutation hydroxyurea
70
Bleeding gums and petechiae
TTP
71
Tx of sporotrichosis
Oral itraconazole
72
Smudge cells
CLL
73
HIV and CML
CD4 < 100
74
Alcoholic refeeding leads to
Hypophosphatemia secondary to decreased vitamin D
75
Tx Raynaud
CCB Nifedipine Amlodipine Diltiazem
76
Acute pericarditis on EKG
Diffuse ST elevations with PR depression
77
Finasteride vs doxazosin
Finasteride - 5 alpha reductase inhibitor - For prostate problems PSA > 1.5 Doxazosin/ Tamulosoin - alpha 1 blocker - for urinary problems
78
Diabetes medication with risk of bladder cancer
Pioglitazone
79
Help get a kidney stone out medication
Tamsulosin
80
Anal fissue medication
Topical nifedipine
81
Thyroid nodule FNA
If nodule >= 1 cm
82

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