Body Balance Flashcards
(22 cards)
The base of the brain which controls involuntary actions such as breathing and heart beat
Brain Stem
A small, crinkly part of the lower back of the brain that controls in voluntary actions such as balance and coordination
Cerebellum
A system consisting of the brain, spinal-cord and nerves that runs to all parts of the body
Nervous system
The largest part of the brain that controls memory, speech and voluntary actions and receives information from sense receptors
Cerebrum
The cylindrical bundle of nerve fibres and associated tissue which is enclosed in the spine and connects nearly all parts of the body to the brain, with which it forms the central nervous system.
Spinal-cord
Glands found in various places of the body, which produce hormones and release them directly into the blood.
Endocrine glands
A system consisting of a number of endocrine glands throughout the body.
Endocrine system
Chemical messengers emitted by endocrine glands that control important processes of an organism, such as growth.
Hormones
The basic unit of the nervous system; a nerve cell.
Nerve cell/Neuron
Nerve cells that transmit sensory information (sight, sound, feeling, etc.) they are activated by sensory input and send projections to other elements of the nervous system, ultimately conveying sensory information to the brain or spinal cord
Sensory Neuron
A nerve cell forming part of a pathway along which impulses pass from the brain or spinal cord to a muscle or gland.
Motor neuron
The ability or tendency to maintain internal stability in an organism to compensate for environmental changes.
Homeostasis
A hormone produced in the pancreas by the islets of Langerhans, which regulates the amount of glucose in the blood. A lack of this causes a form of diabetes.
Insulin
A pair of organs in the abdominal cavity of mammals, birds and reptiles, the excrete urine.
Kidneys
A system of control in the body which the response acts as a stimulus to opposite the change caused by the original stimulus.
Negative feedback system
An endocrine gland, located on the underside of the brain, that controls other endocrine glands.
Pituitary gland
The period during which adolescents reach sexual maturity and become capable of reproduction
Puberty
An organ or cell able to respond to light, heat, or other external stimulus and transmit signals to sensory nerve.
Receptor
An automatic response to a stimulus without involving the brain.
Reflex action
A thing or event that evokes a specific functional reaction in an organ or tissue.
Stimulus
A cell which bears receptors for a hormone, drug, or other signalling molecules, or is the focus of contact by a virus, phagocyte, nerve fibre, etc.
Target cells
The main organ of the nervous system, which controls all the systems of the body
Brain
