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Food and Nutrition > Body composition and image > Flashcards

Body composition and image Flashcards

1
Q

What is body composition?

A

Measures the amount and distribution of tissues within the body

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2
Q

What are the 5 levels of human body composition

A
  • Atomic
  • Molecular
  • Cellular
  • Functional/tissue-organ
  • Whole body
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3
Q

What factors should be considered in assessing body composition

A
  • Goal or the desired outcome in the individual or population being measured
  • Desired level of accuracy and precision
  • Validity of methods
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4
Q

2 compartment model

A
  • Fat Mass and Fat free Mass
  • FFM = anything that isn’t fat
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5
Q

3 compartment model

A
  • Fat mass, total body water and fat free dry mass
  • Controls for inter-individual variation in FFM hydration
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6
Q

4 compartment model

A
  • Calculations of body fat and lean mass using equations
  • Multiple body composition assessment methods
  • Gold standard (Dexter scanner)
  • Expensive
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7
Q

Total body fat definition

A

Refers to the total amount of body fat an individual has

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8
Q

Fat distribution definition

A

Refers to where the fat deposits are located

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9
Q

Methods of assessing body composition

A
  1. Anthropometric measurements
  2. BIA
  3. Bod pod
  4. DEXA
  5. MRI
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10
Q

Anthropometric indicies

A
  • Weight/mass
  • Height
  • Circumferences
  • Limb lengths
  • Skinfolds
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11
Q

Visceral adipose tissue defintion

A

Fat stored within the abnormal cavity

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12
Q

BMI equation

A

weight/height2

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13
Q

Bioelectrical impedance

A

Impedance = opposition provided by body to electrical current

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14
Q

Conditions before completing the BIA

A
  • No food for > 4 hours
  • No exercise for 24 hours
  • No alcohol for 48 hours
  • No diuretic medication for 7 days
  • Used standardised timing for female subjects (menstrual cycle)
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15
Q

Air Displacement Plethysmography-Bod Pod

A

Computerised pressure sensors determine the amount of air displaced by the person to calculate body density

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16
Q

Advantages of the Bod Pod

A

+ Good reliability
+ Relatively cheap
+ Good validity

17
Q

Disadvantages of the Bod Pod

A
  • Underestimates body fat % compared to DEXA
  • Potential underreporting BF % in certain situations
18
Q

DEXA scanner

A

Attenuation of X-ray through fat, lean tissue and bone varies

19
Q

Disadvantages of the DEXA scanner

A
  • Cost
  • Radiation exposure
  • Availability
20
Q

Body image definition

A

Refers to how we think and feel about the way our body looks and functions

21
Q

Negative body image definition

A

Body dissatisfaction

22
Q

Positive body image definition

A

Body appreciation

23
Q

What are the at risk groups of negative body image

A
  • Puberty/menopause
  • Post partum
  • Appearance focused events
  • Appearance focused job

Food and Nutrition (10 decks)

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