Body Fluid Compartments

Question 1

what is the total amount of fluid in human body

Answer 1

50-70% OF BODY WEIGHT

Question 2

body composition and % of body weight

Answer 2

mineral- 7
fat- 15
protein, and related substance- 18
water- 60

Question 3

Total Body Water (TBW)

Answer 3

TBW as percentage of body weight on average is about 60% (42 liters) in adult males, which is about 10% more than adult females.
-TWB decreases as age increases
- Male have higher TBW than female becuz of female having more adipose tissue

Question 4

% of water by weight in tissues

Answer 4

-most in the blood(83%) and kidney(83%)
- least in the adipose tissue (10%)

Question 5

Classify Body Fluid Compartments

Answer 5

-Intracellular fluid
(Inside the cell) 40% of body weight
-Extracellular fluid
(Outside the cell) 20% of body weight

Question 6

Extracellular fluid consist of

Answer 6

-Plasma (intravascular fluid)
*5% of the body weight (i.e., 25% of the ECF).

-Interstitial fluid
*15% of the body weight and 3⁄4 of the ECF. *Ultrafiltrate of plasma.
*Composition is same as that of plasma except protein.

-Transcellular fluid
*0.5% of the body weight.
*Secreted by specific cells into a particular body cavity to perform specialized function.
*Eg: Digestive juices, sweat, cerebrospinal fluid, intraocular fluids, pericardial fluid, synovial fluid, peritoneal fluid etc.

Question 7

Volume of Body Fluid in different Compartments

Answer 7

Total Body Water-42 L
Intracellular fluid-28 L
Extracellular fluid-14 L
Plasma-3L
Interstitial fluid-11 L
Transcellular fluid- 1-2 L

Question 8

which ions have higher con.c in the ECF

Answer 8

Na+
Cl-
bicarbonate ion HCO3-

Question 9

which ions have higher con.c in the ICF? 3Ps

Answer 9

potassium
proteins
phosphate

Question 10

Measurement of body fluid volumes

Answer 10

Dilution principle
V = (A1 – A2) /C
V = Volume of body fluid compartment (L)
A1 = Amount of marker injected
A2 = Amount of marker excreted (mg)
C = Concentration in plasma (mg/L)

Question 11

Prerequisites for accurate body fluid measurement

Answer 11

Indicator should have following characteristics
* It should be non-toxic.
* It must mix evenly throughout the compartment being measured.
* It should be easy to measure its concentration.

Question 12

Water Balance

Answer 12

water input = water output

Question 13

Dehydration

Answer 13

• Caused due to increased loss or decreased intake of fluids
• Decreased skin turgor

Question 14

Oedema

Answer 14

Increase in interstitial fluid causes swelling
Exp:Pitting oedema, Periorbital oedema

Question 15

Learning Objectives

Answer 15

1.1 Give the body composition and express the total body water as percentage of body weight.
1.2 Classify body fluid compartments. Give the volume of each compartment and difference in the composition.