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Clin Lab Med Kate > Body fluids > Flashcards

Body fluids Flashcards

0
Q

fluid accumulation due to infection, malignancy, or inflammatory disorder

A

exudate

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1
Q

fluid accumulation due to CHF, cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome

A

transudate

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2
Q

tests to distinguish transudate from exudate (3)

A

Total protein fluid to serum ratio
LDH
Glucose level

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3
Q

cell types in normal serous fluid (4)

A

lymphocytes
monocytes
macrophages
mesothelial lining cells

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4
Q

neutrophils in serious fluid indicates (2)

A

inflammation

infection

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5
Q

eosinophils in serous fluid indicates (4)

A

hypersensitivity rxns
infections
malignancy
MI

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6
Q

RBCs in serous fluid indicates (3)

A

hemorrhage
malignancy
traumatic procedure

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7
Q

acidic pH in pleural fluid indicates (4)

A

infection
neoplasm
RA
esophageal rupture

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8
Q

low glucose in pleural fluid indicates (3)

A

infection
neoplasm
RA

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9
Q

elevated amylase in pleural fluid indicates (2)

A

pancreatitis

esophageal rupture

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10
Q

parapneumonic effusion causes (3)

A

bacterial pneumonia
lung abscess
bronchiectasis

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11
Q

malignant effusion causes (3)

A

lung cancer
breast cancer
lymphoma

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12
Q

routine ascites tests (3)

A

albumin
cell count
culture

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13
Q

conditions that cause ascites w/ portal HTN

A

cirrhosis, alcoholic hepatitis, CHF, liver metastases, portal vein thrombosis, veno-occlusive disease, myxedema, mixed ascites

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14
Q

conditions that cause ascites w/out portal HTN

A

peritoneal carcinomatosis, peritoneal TB, pancreatic ascites, biliary ascites, nephrotic syndrome, serositis, bowel obstruction or infarction

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15
Q

low WBCs in ascites

A

cirrhosis

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16
Q

high WBCs in ascites

A

inflammatory processes

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17
Q

abrupt onset of fever, chills, abd pain, rebound tenderness in a pt w/ cirrhosis & ascites

A

spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

18
Q

noninflammatory synovial fluid cause

A

osteoarthritis

19
Q

mild inflammation in synovial fluid (2)

A

SLE

scleroderma

20
Q

severe inflammation in synovial fluid (3)

A

gout
RA
psuedogout

21
Q

infectious synovial fluid (2)

A

acute bacterial

TB

22
Q

septic joint tx

A

antibiotics to avoid joint destruction

emergency

23
Q

indications for joint aspiration (5)

A 
monarthritis (with or without chronic polyarthritis)
trauma w/ joint effusion
suspicion of joint infection
crystal-induced arthritis
hemarthrosis
24
Q

gout crystals

A

needle-shaped, strongly negatively birefringent monosodium urate

25
Q

pseudogout crystals

A

rhomboid-shaped, weakly positively birefringent calcium pyrophosphate

26
Q

CSF glucose expected value

A

2/3 of plasma glucose

27
Q

elevated CSF glucose

A

hyperglycemia

28
Q

decreased CSF glucose (2)

A

bacterial meningitis

fungal infection

29
Q

elevated CSF protein (3)

A

bleeding
hemolysis
infection

30
Q

oligoclonal bands

A

diagnostic of MS

31
Q

MS diagnostics from CSF (2)

A

oligoclonal bands

myelin basic proteins

32
Q

xanthochromic supernatent on CSF indicates

A

bleeding process has been ongoing

33
Q

clear supernatent after spinning red CSF

A

traumatic tap

34
Q

elevated neutrophils on CSF

A

bacterial meningitis

35
Q

elevated lymphocytes in CSF (3)

A

viral
TB
fungal infection

36
Q

presence of plasma cells in CSF indicates (2)

A

MS

chronic inflammation

37
Q

eosinophilia on CSF indicates (2)

A

parasitic or fungal infection

38
Q

altered mental status, nausea, vomiting, photophobia

A

meningitis

39
Q

intermittent bacteremia is associated with (2)

A

onset of infection

tissue manipulation

40
Q

continuous bacteremia is associated with?

A

endovascular infection

41
Q

blood culture result suggestive of contamination

A

coag-neg staph

42
Q

blood culture result suggestive of bacteremia (5)

A 
group A strep
pneumococci
H. flu
psuedomonas
Candida

Clin Lab Med Kate (6 decks)

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