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Anatomy and Physiology Lab > Body Organization and Terminology > Flashcards

Body Organization and Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

the study of the structure of the
body and its relationships between the body parts (the word means cutting apart).

A

Anatomy

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2
Q

is the study of structures which can be viewed with the naked eye.

A

Gross anatomy

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3
Q

is the study of structures that can be seen with magnification. It includes cytology and histology.

A

Microscopic anatomy

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4
Q

is the study of normal function in
the body (the word means study of nature).

A

Physiology

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5
Q

is the study of metabolic processes in the cells and interactions between cells

A

Cell physiology

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6
Q

is the study of function of specific organs or organ systems.

A

Systemic physiology

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7
Q

chemical bonds bind atoms together
forming molecules. Molecules binding together through chemical bonds form organelles

A

Chemical level

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8
Q

organelles are organized to form cells.

A

Cellular level

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9
Q

cells with similar structure and function group together to make tissues

A

Tissue level

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10
Q

2 or more tissues are arranged in an organ

A

Organ level

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11
Q

a collection of organs which carry out
related functions

A

Organ system level

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12
Q

is the highest level of organization and
includes all organ systems.

A

Organism level

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13
Q

organization of levels from smallest to largest

A

chemical level
cellular level
tissue level
organ level
organ system level
organism level

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14
Q

a universally accepted position for the body.

A

Anatomical position

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15
Q

label this

A
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16
Q
A
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17
Q

forehead

A

frontal

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18
Q

nose

A

nasal

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19
Q

eye

A

ocular
orbital

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20
Q

ear

A

otic

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21
Q

cheek

A

buccal

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22
Q

neck

A

cervical

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23
Q

thorax

A

thoracic

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24
Q

chest

A

thoracic

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25
Q

breast

A

mammary

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26
Q

abdomen

A

abdominal

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27
Q

navel

A

umbilical

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28
Q

pelvis

A

pelvic

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29
Q

hand

A

manual

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30
Q

groin

A

inguinal

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31
Q

pubis

A

pubic

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32
Q

thigh

A

femoral

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33
Q

foot

A

pedal

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34
Q

skull

A

cranial

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35
Q

face

A

facial

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36
Q

head

A

cephalic

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37
Q

mouth

A

oral

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38
Q

chin

A

mental

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39
Q

armpit

A

axillary

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40
Q

arm

A

brachial

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41
Q

front of elbow

A

antecubital

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42
Q

forearm

A

antebrachial

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43
Q

wrist

A

carpal

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44
Q

palm

A

palmar

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45
Q

thumb

A

pollex

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46
Q

fingers

A

digits

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47
Q

kneecap

A

patellar

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48
Q

leg

A

crural

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49
Q

ankle

A

tarsal

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50
Q

toes

A

digits

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51
Q

great toe

A

hallux

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52
Q

shoulder

A

acromial

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53
Q

back

A

dorsal

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54
Q

back of the elbow

A

olecranal

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55
Q

loin

A

lumbar

56
Q

buttock

A

gluteal

57
Q

back of tyeh knee

A

popliteal

58
Q

calf

A

sural

59
Q

heel of foot

A

calcaneal

60
Q

sole of foot

A

plantar

61
Q

how does the sagittal plane divide the body?

A

right and left

62
Q

how does the Midsagittal plane divide the body?

A

cut in the midline and equally into two halves

63
Q

how does the Parasagittal plane divide the body?

A

a cut that divides the body unequally into a right and left

64
Q

Types of sagittal planes

A

parasagittal Plane

and

Midsagittal Plane

65
Q

what plane is this

A

frontal plane

66
Q

what plane sections is this

A

Sagittal plane

67
Q

what sectional plane is this

A

transverse or horizontal

68
Q

how does the coronal plane divide the body?

A

anterior and posterior

69
Q

how does the transverse plane divide the body?

A

superior and inferior position

70
Q

How does longitudinal section run?

A

lengthwise in the direction of the long
axis of the body.

71
Q

How does the transverse section run?

A

A section that runs at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the
body.

72
Q

How does the oblique section run?

A

formed by cuts that are not made along any anatomical planes, but instead deviate from these planes.

73
Q

label this

A
74
Q

towards the point of attachment of a limb to the trunk

A

proximal

75
Q

away from the point of attachment of a limb to the trunk

A

distal

76
Q

toward the midline

A

medial

77
Q

away from the midline

A

lateral

78
Q

At, near, or relatively close to the body surface

A

superficial

79
Q

toward the interior of the body;
farther from the surface

A

deep`

80
Q

label this

A
81
Q

Eleven Organ Systems

A
  • Integumentary system
  • Nervous system
  • Skeletal system
  • Endocrine system
  • Muscular system
  • Cardiovascular system
  • Lymphatic system
  • Urinary system
  • Respiratory system
  • Digestive system
  • Reproductive system: male/female
82
Q

what organs are in the integumentary system

A

skin
hair
sweat glands
nails

83
Q

what are the functions of the integumentary system

A
  • Protects against environmental hazards
  • Helps regulate body temperature
  • Provides sensory information
84
Q

what system is this

A

Integumentary System

85
Q

what system is this

A

Skeletal System

86
Q

what system is this

A

Muscular System

87
Q

what system is this

A

Nervous System

88
Q

what are the organs for the nervous system

A

brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, sensory organs

89
Q

what are the functions of the nervous system

A
  • Directs immediate responses to stimuli
  • Coordinates or moderates other organ
    systems
  • Provides and interprets sensory info.
90
Q

what are the organs for the skeletal system

A

bones
cartilage
associated ligaments
bone marrow

91
Q

what are the functions for the skeletal systems

A
  • Provides support and protection for
    other tissues
  • Stores calcium and other minerals
  • Forms blood cells
92
Q

what are the organs of the endocrine system

A

Pituitary gland
Thyroid pancreas
Adrenal gland
Gonads
Endocrine tissue

93
Q

what are the functions for the endocrine system

A
  • Directs long-term changes in other
    organ systems
  • Adjusts metabolic activity and energy
    use
  • Controls many structural and functional
    changes during development
94
Q

what are the organs of the muscular system

A

skeletal muscles
associated tendons

95
Q

what are the functions of the muscular system

A
  • Provides movement
  • Provides protection and support for
    other tissues
  • Generates heat that maintains body
    temperature
96
Q

what are the organs for the cardiovascular system

A

heart
blood
blood vessels

96
Q

what are the functions of the cardiovascular system

A
  • Distributes blood cells, water, nutrients,
    waste products, oxygen, and carbon
    dioxide
  • Distributes heat to control body temp.
96
Q

what are the organs for the Respiratory System

A

Nasal cavities
Sinuses
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchi
Lungs
Alveoli

96
Q

what are the functions of lymphatic system

A
  • defends against infection and disease,
  • returns tissue fluids to the
    bloodstream.`
96
Q

what are the functions of the urinary system

A
  • Excretes waste products from the blood
  • Controls water balance by regulating
    volume of urine produced
  • Stores urine prior to voluntary
    elimination
  • Regulates blood ion concentrations and
    pH
97
Q

what are the organs for the lymphatic system

A

spleen
thymus
lymphatic vessels
lymph nodes
tonsils

97
Q

what are the organs of the urinary system

A

kidneys
ureters
urinary bladder
urethra

98
Q

what are the functions of the respiratory system

A
  • Delivers air to alveoli (sites in lungs
    where gas exchange occurs)
  • Provides oxygen to bloodstream
  • Removes carbon dioxide from
    bloodstream
  • Produces sounds for communication
98
Q

What are the organs for the Digestive System

A

Teeth
tongue
pharynx
esophagus stomach
small intestine,
large intestine
liver
gallbladder
pancreas

98
Q

What are the Functions for the Digestive System

A
  • Processes and digests food
  • Absorbs and conserves water
  • Absorbs nutrients
  • Stores energy reserves
98
Q

What are the organs for the Male Reproductive System

A

Testes
epididymis
ductus deferens
seminal vesicles
prostate gland
bulbourethral glands,
penis
scrotum

99
Q

what system is this

A

endocrine system

100
Q

what system is this

A

cardiovascular system

101
Q

what system is this

A

Lymphatic System

102
Q

what system is this

A

Respiratory System

103
Q

what system is this

A

Digestive System

104
Q

what system is this

A

Urinary System

105
Q

what system is this

A

Male Reproductive System

106
Q

what system is this

A

Female Reproductive System

107
Q

What are the functions for the Male Reproductive System

A
  • Produce offspring through the
    production of sperm cells, and
    hormones.
  • Plays a role in sexual intercourse
108
Q

What are the organs for the Female Reproductive System

A

Ovaries
uterine tubes
uterus
vagina
labia
clitoris
Mammary glands.

109
Q

What are the functions for the Female Reproductive System

A
  • Produces offspring through the
    production of sex cells.
  • Supports developing embryo
  • Produces milk.
  • Plays a role in sexual intercourse.
110
Q

why are the organs of the body is located in different cavities

A

This protects the organs and allows for the organs to move freely within the cavity.

111
Q

what membrane lines the organs within the cavity

A

serous

112
Q

what are the serous membrane two layers

A

visceral layer
parietal layer

113
Q

what layer is further away from the organ closer of the body wall

A

Parietal layer

114
Q

what layer lays directly on the organs

A

Visceral layer

115
Q

label these body cavities

A
116
Q

what are the body cavity functions

A

lines body cavity and covers organs

117
Q

what cavity houses the heart

A

pericardial

118
Q

what cavity houses the lungs

A

pleural

119
Q

what cavity houses some of the abdominal organs

A

Peritoneal cavity

120
Q

how many abdominopelvic quadrants are there

A

four

121
Q

how many abdominopelvic regions are there

A

nine

122
Q

label these abdominopelvic quadrants

A
123
Q

label these abdominopelvic regions

A
124
Q

the relationship between the abdominopelvic quadrants and regions and the location of their internal organs are shown here

A

anatomical relationships

125
Q

label these organs

A
126
Q

what solution is the cell in?

A

hypotonic

127
Q

what solution is the cell in?

A

isotonic

128
Q

what solution is the cell in?

A

hypertonic

Anatomy and Physiology Lab (7 decks)

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