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Body systems Flashcards

(54 cards)

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1
Q

What are 3 functions of the Respiratory system?

A
  1. Breath in air from the Environment
  2. Transfer Oxygen in the Blood
  3. Remove Carbon-Dioxide from the blood
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2
Q

What is inspiration?

A

Inhalation, Diaphragm contracts & flattens to make the chest cavity bigger.

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3
Q

What is Expiration

A

Exhalation, Diaphragm relaxes to make the chest cavity smaller.

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4
Q

Sagittal plane

A

Divides the body into right and left sides.

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5
Q

Frontal plane

A

Divides the body into front and back.

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6
Q

Transverse plane

A

Divides the body into top and bottom sections.

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7
Q

Superior

A

Above another structure

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8
Q

Inferior

A

Below another structure

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9
Q

Anterior

A

The front of the structure or body

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10
Q

Posterior

A

The back of the structure or body

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11
Q

Lateral

A

Further from the midline of the body

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12
Q

Medial

A

Closer to the midline of the body

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13
Q

Proximal

A

Closer to the trunk

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14
Q

Distal

A

Further from the trunk

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15
Q

Superficial

A

Closer to the skin surface

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16
Q

Deep

A

Further from the skin surface

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17
Q

Functions of Skeleton

A
  • Shape
  • Movement
  • Protection
  • Blood Production
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18
Q

Sections of Vertebrae and how many

A
  • Cervical (7)
  • Thoracic (12)
  • Lumbar (5)
  • Sacrum (5) and Coccyx (4)
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19
Q

Short bones

A

Carpels, Tarsals

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20
Q

Long bones

A

Femur, Humorous, Phalanges, Radius, Ulna, Tibia, Fibula

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21
Q

Irregular bones

A

Vertebrae, Mandible

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22
Q

Seasmoid bones

23
Q

Flat bones

Study These Flashcards
A

Ribs, Sternum, Scapula, Cranium

24
Q

Types of joints + what they do

Study These Flashcards
A

Fibrous- Immovable e.g Skull
Cartilaginous- Partially Moveable e.g ribs
Synovial- Freely Moveable e.g patella

25
Types of synovial joints
-Ball and socket -Hinge
26
Flexion/Extension
Flexion - forwards Extension - Backwards
27
Abduction/Adduction
Abduction - away from the body Adduction - towards the body
28
Rotation
Rotating the body part towards or away from the body
29
Circumduction
Moving the body part in a circular motion
30
Dorsi/Plantar Flexion
Dorsi - Foot up Plantar - Foot down
31
Functions of the Muscular System
- Movement/Posture - Breathing, Heart, Circulation - Digestion
32
Types of muscles + Define
Smooth - Found in internal organs, involuntary e.g liver, stomach Cardiac - Found in heart, involuntary Voluntary - skeletal muscles, e.g biceps
33
Origin/insertion
Origin- Doesn't move during contraction Insertion - Does move during contraction
34
Agonist
The muscle responsible for the movement
35
Antagonist
The muscles that relaxes for the movement
36
Muscle fibers
Slow twitch - long distance Fast twitch - sprint
37
Reciprocal inhibition
relaxing of muscles on one side of a joint to accommodate contraction on the other side of that joint.
38
Fusiform Muscles
- long and thin - can contract rapidly but produce low forces. e.g biceps
39
Pennate muscles
Unipennate - Fibres on one side of a tendon Bipennate - Fibres on both sides of a tendon. Multipennate - Fibres branch out from a number of tendons.
40
Roles of Cardiovascular system
- Temp regulation - Protection - Transport of waste blood and nutrients
41
Pulmonary circuit
heart to lungs and back
42
Systemic circuit
heart to body and back
43
Arteries
Transport blood away from the heart
44
Veins
return blood back to the heart
45
Capillaries
surround body cells and absorb nutrients
46
Blood
Transport, protection, temp regulation
47
Plasma
carries nutrients, hormones and proteins around the body
48
White blood cells
help fight infection and disease
49
Red blood cells
Deliver oxygen around the body
50
Platelets
help to clot the blood
51
Cardiac output
52
Stroke volume
53
Heart rate
- calculated in BPM
54

Body systems (2 decks)

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