Body Systems

Question 1

What is the most prominent and extensive anatomical feature of the body?

Answer 1

Muscular system

Question 2

What are the functions of the muscle?

Answer 2

• Pumping of blood
• Movement of extremities
• Respiration
• Movement of nutrient material around the GIT

Question 3

What do you call the dark bands that is crossed transversely in this muscle?

Answer 3

Striations

Question 4

What muscles are voluntary and are controlled by the will?

Answer 4

Striated

Question 5

What is the most organized system in the body?

Answer 5

The nervous system

Question 6

What are the main components of the nervous system?

Answer 6

Brain, spinal cord, nerves

Question 7

What consists of a cell body, one axon and one or more dendrites.

Answer 7

Neurons

Question 8

What are often called nerve fibers which are threadlike extensions of the cell body.

Answer 8

Axons and dendrites

Question 9

________ are located between the axon terminals of one neuron (presynaptic cell) and the cell body or dendrites of another neuron? (Postsynaptic cell)

Answer 9

Synapses

Question 10

Transmission of impulses across the synapse involves the release from a ___________ of a neurotransmitter

Answer 10

presynaptic neuron

Question 11

Contains the majority of the nervous system, brain and spinal cord

Answer 11

Central nervous system

Question 12

The brain and spinal cord control the activities of the skeletal and involuntary smooth muscles of the body in response to __________

Answer 12

Stimuli

Question 13

Where is the brain enclosed?

Answer 13

Skull

Question 14

Where is the spinal cord encased?

Answer 14

Vertebral canal

Question 15

The brain is subdivided into three parts. Which part is the largest and fills up most of the cranial cavity?

Answer 15

Forebrain

Question 16

What part of the brain extends caudally from the forebrain?

Answer 16

Midbrain

Question 17

What part of the brain is behind the midbrain?

Answer 17

Hindbrain

Question 18

___________ is the direct continuation of the brain into the vertebral canal

Answer 18

Spinal cord

Question 19

How does information from the internal or external environment reach the central nervous system?

Answer 19

Sensory receptors

Question 20

What kind of energy is converted by the receptiors come from touch-pressure?

Answer 20

Mechanical

Question 21

What kind of energy is converted by the receptor from temperature?

Answer 21

Thermal

Question 22

What kind of energy is converted by the receptor from light?

Answer 22

Electromagnetic

Question 23

What kind of energy does the receptors convert from odor, taste, and O2 content?

Answer 23

Chemical evergy

Question 24

What are the four modalities of taste?

Answer 24

Sweets sour, bitter, salty

Question 25

Sounds of different pitches are heard because of different groups of hair cells in the organ called _______ which is activated by different frequencies of sound waves.

Answer 25

Corti

Question 27

Where does the peripheral nervous system reside?

Answer 27

Outside the limbs or organs

Question 28

Given the peripheral system is not protected by bone, what kind of danger does it get exposed to in return

Answer 28

Toxins and mechanical damage

Question 29

The peripheral nervous system is divided into two groups. What are they?

Answer 29

Somatic and autonomic nervous system

Question 30

Furthermore the autonomic nervous system is divided into two parts, what are they?

Answer 30

Sympathetic nervous system And parasympathetic nervous system

Question 31

___________ is a part of the peripheral nervous system associated with the voluntary control of the body movements through actions of the skeletal muscles?

Answer 31

Somatic nervous system

Question 32

What are nerves the somatic nervous system is composed of?

Answer 32

Spinal and cranial nerves

Question 33

What are the nerves that arise from the spinal cord and emerge from the vertebrae?

Answer 33

Spinal nerves

Question 34

What are the nerves that supply interventions to structures in the hand and neck which carry information from general sensory receptors in the body?

Answer 34

Cranial nerves

Question 35

Portion of the peripheral nervous system that works automatically and without voluntary input?

Answer 35

Autonomic nervous system

Question 36

The major role of the autonomic nervous system is to maintain a relatively stable internal body environment or ___________

Answer 36

Homeostasis

Question 37

What are the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system?

Answer 37

Sympathetic division and parasympathetic division

Question 38

What division of the autonomic nervous system aids in the control of the body's internal organs, works to mobilize the body's resources for action under stress?

Answer 38

Sympathetic division

Question 39

What division of the autonomic nervous system promotes maintenance of the body at rest?

Answer 39

Parasympathetic division

Question 40

________________ enables the animal to adjust to changes in the environment

Answer 40

Endocrine system

Question 41

The _________ ______ secrete hormones that regulate growth, development, metabolism, and reproduction, stress responses, body and tissue fluid and electrolyte balance.

Answer 41

Endocrine glands

Question 42

A substance or chemical mediator produced by the endocrine glands and carried by the blood to some distant part of the body where it exerts its effort It also does not initiate reaction but only exite or inhibit ongoing cell reactions

Answer 42

Hormone

Question 43

________ may be classified as simple protein, glycoprotein, and steroids

Answer 43

Hormones

Question 44

Located at the base of the brain in a concavity if the spgenoid bone called sela turcica, which protects it from outside pressure

Answer 44

Pituitary gland

Question 45

Given the hypophysis or pituitary gland has three lobes or portion, what is the alternative name for the anterior pituitary ?

Answer 45

Adenohypophysis

Question 46

Given the hypophysis or pituitary gland has three lobes or portion, what is the alternative name for the intermediate lobe?

Answer 46

Pars intermedia

Question 47

Given the hypophysis or pituitary gland has three lobes or portion, what is the alternative name for the posterior pituitary lobe?

Answer 47

Neurohypophysis

Question 48

What hormone is secreted by the anterior pituitary or adenohypophysis promotes growth in the bones before the plates are fused together in adulthood? Secretion of this hormone before adulthood results in gigantism and acromegaly after adulthood. Deficiency results in dwarfism

Answer 48

Growth hormone/Somatotropic hormone (STH)

Question 49

What hormone is secreted by the anterior pituitary or adenohypophysis stimulates the adrenal cortex to produce glucocorticoids such as cortisol, cortisone, and corticosterone

Answer 49

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)

Question 50

What hormone is secreted by the anterior pituitary or adenohypophysis which stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones?

Answer 50

Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH)

Question 51

What hormone is secreted by the anterior pituitary or adenohypophysis which stimulates milk secretion in lactating mammary gland?

Answer 51

Prolactin or Luteotropic Hormone (LTH)

Question 52

What hormone is secreted by the anterior pituitary or adenohypophysis stimulates the ovary to produce Graafian follicle; in the male, it maintains the integrity of the seminiferous tubules of the testis.

Answer 52

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)