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PHARMACOLOGY > BODY SYSTEMS AND CLASSIFICATIONS > Flashcards

BODY SYSTEMS AND CLASSIFICATIONS Flashcards

(108 cards)

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1
Q

Are medications used to treat asthma

A

Anti-asthmatic Drugs

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2
Q

Albuterol, Isoproterenol, Aminophylline, Epinephrine HCl

A

Ventolin, Medihaler-Iso, Phyllocontin, Adrenaline

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3
Q

A chronic respiratory condition characterized by airway inflammation and narrowing.

A

Asthma

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4
Q

Used to relieve nasal congestion

A

Nasal Decongestants

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5
Q

Narrowing the blood vessels; reduces swelling and makes it easier to breath

A

Nasal Decongestants

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6
Q

Common symptom of _______ are cold, allergies, and sinus infections.

A

Nasal Congestion

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7
Q

Phenylpropanolamine, Pseudoephedrine

A

Decolgen, Neozep; Sudafed, Sinuzip

Nasal Decongestants

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8
Q

Help to thin and loosen mucus in the airways, making it easier to cough up.

A

Mucolytics

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9
Q

Acetylcysteine, Mucosolvan, Carbocysteine

A

Mucomyst; Ambroxol; Solmux and Loviscol

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10
Q

Type of cough medicine used to clear mucus (phlegm) from your airway

A

Expectorants

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11
Q

Guaifenesin

A

Robitussin

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12
Q

Used to suppress coughs; works by reducing the activity of the cough reflex center in the brain.

A

Antitussive

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13
Q

Benzonatate; Butamirate; Codeine Sulfate; Dextromethorphan

A

Tessalon; Sinecod Forte; Codeine; Menylin DM, Pertussin, Diacol

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14
Q

a substance released by the body during allergic reactions

A

Histamine

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15
Q

a substance released by the body during allergic reactions

A

Histamine

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16
Q

Are medications used to treat allergies

A

Antihistamines

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17
Q

Chlorpheniramine maleate; Clemastine; Loratidine; Cetirizine

A

Chlor-Trimeton; Tavist; Claritin; Zyrtec

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18
Q

Diphenhydramine; Enhydrinate; Desloratidine

A

Antihistamines
- Benadryl, Dramamine, Clarinex

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19
Q

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM DRUGS - ANMEAA

A

Anti-asthmatic
Nasal Decongestant
Mucolytics
Expectorants
Antitussive
Antihistamines

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20
Q

Acetylcysteine

A

Mucolytics – Mucomyst

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21
Q

Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)

A
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Fever, Chest tightness, Tachycardia
  • Rash, Urticaria
  • Rhonchi, Dyspnea, Pruritus
  • Abdominal pain, Diarrhea, Headache
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22
Q

Butamirate

A

Antitussives – Sinecod Forte

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23
Q

Butamirate (Sinecod Forte)

A
  • Nausea, vomiting, Diarrhea
  • Somnolence, Dizziness
  • Hypotension
  • Stomach pain
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24
Q

Simvastatin

A

Antilipemic – Zocor

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25
Simvastatin (Zocor)
- *Headache, Nausea* - Asthenia, Vertigo, Myalgia - Atrial Fibrillation, Diabetes - *Constipation*, Gastritis, UTI, URI - Increased transaminase levels
26
Are medications used to lower cholesterol levels on the blood
Antilipemic
27
Often prescribes to reduce the risk of heart disease
Antilipemic
28
Heparin
Anticoagulant -- Heparin
29
Heparin (Heparin)
- Hemorrhage, Hematoma - Thrombocytopenia - Rhinitis, Fever, Irritation, Urticaria (Hives) - Hyperkalemia, Hyperaldosteronism - Osteoporosis, Ulceration, Pruritus
30
are medications used to prevent blood clots from forming
Anticoagulants
31
Prescribed to people at risk of blood clots
Anticoagulants
32
Digoxin
Cardiac Glycosides -- Lanoxin
33
Class of medications used to treat heart failure.
Cardiac Glycosides
34
Increases the force with which the heart contracts, improving blood flow and helping the heart pump blood more efficiently
Cardiac Glycosides
35
Digoxin (Lanoxin)
- Confusion, Weakness - Mental disturbances ~ - Dizziness, Headache - Arrhythmia ~ - Heart block - Blurred vision, Halos around visual images, Yellow-green color disturbance in the vision - Diplopia ~ - Photophobia ~ - Anorexia ~ - Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhea
36
Methyldopa
Antihypertensive -- Aldomet
37
Medications used to treat high blood pressure
Antihypertensives
38
Works by reducing the force with which the heart pumps blood and by relaxing the blood vessels
Antihypertensives
39
Methyldopa (Aldomet)
- Sedation, Decreased mental acuity - Headache, Weakness, Dizziness, Asthenia - Paresthesia - Parkinsonism, Bell's Palsy - Involuntary choreoathetoid movements - Psychic disturbance, Nightmares, Depression
40
Acetylsalicylic Acid
Antiplatelet + Vasodilators -- Aspirin
41
Medications both used to improve blood flow and reduce the risk of heart attack and stroke
Antiplatelet + Vasodilators
42
Acetylsalicylic Acid (Aspirin)
- Drowsiness, Nausea, Headache, Dizziness - Convulsions (severe or continuing) - Heartburn - Abdominal discomfort or bloating - Bleeding, Constipation - Dark Urine - Fast breathing, Fever - Shortness of breath - Confusion - Diarrhea
43
Clopidogrel
Antiplatelet + Vasodilators -- Plavix
44
Clopidogrel (Plavix)
- Hematoma, Hemorrhage - Epistaxis (nosebleed) - Hematuria, Red or black stool - Hypersensitivity reactions - Bleeding, Headache, Confusion
44
Furosemide
Diuretics -- Lasix
45
Medications that increase urine production =, helping the body eliminate excess fluid
Diuretics
46
Often used to treat conditions like: High blood pressure, Heart failure, Kidney disease, Edema
Diuretics
47
Furosemide (Lasix)
- Vertigo, Headache, Dizziness - Paresthesia, Weakness - Restlessness, Fever - Blurred vision - Increased thirst - Orthostatic hypotension - Polyuria, Frequent urination, Bladder spasm - Oliguria - Electrolyte imbalance, Constipation, Fatigue
48
Mannitol
Diuretic -- Osmitrol
49
Mannitol (Osmitrol)
- seizures, coma - dizziness, confusion, headache - fever, edema - hypotension, HTN - nausea, vomiting, diarrhea - urine retention - oliguria, hematuria
50
Ranitidine
Antacids (Histamine - 2 Blockers) -- Zantac
51
Are medications used to neutralize stomach acid, providing relief from symptoms like heartburn, indigestion and acid reflux
Antacids
52
are medications used to reduce the amount of acid produced by the stomach
Histamine - 2 Blockers
53
Ranitidine (Zantac)
- Nausea, Vomiting - Stomach pain, Diarrhea, Constipation - Headache, Drowsiness - Loss of appetite - Cough w/mucus - Dark urine - Easy bruising or bleeding - Shortness of breath
54
Omeprazole
Antacids (Proton Pump Inhibitors) -- Prilosec
55
A class of medications that cause a profound and prolonged reduction of stomach acid production
Proton Pump Inhibitor
55
Omeprazole (Prilosec)
Asthenia Dizziness Headache Abdominal Pain Constipation Diarrhea Flatulence Nausea Vomiting Acid regurgitation Back pain Weakness Cough URI Rash
56
Misoprostol
Antihypertensives -- Cytotec
56
Misoprostol (Cytotec)
shivering/chills diarrhea abdominal pain Hyperthermia Nausea Vomiting Flatulence Constipation Dyspepsia Headache breakthrough bleeding menstrual irregularity Stomach cramps
57
Bisacodyl
Laxatives -- Dulcolax
58
used to treat constipation; increasing the frequency and volume of bowel movements
Laxatives
59
Bisacodyl (Dulcolax)
feeling sick Nausea Diarrhea stomach pain or cramps Rectal bleeding Fluid and electrolyte depletion GI irritation irritation and a sensation of burning of the rectal mucosa (if supp.)
60
Lactulose
Laxative -- Cephulac
61
Lactulose (Cephulac)
Nausea Gas Dehydration Abdominal pain Bloating Loss of Consciousness Diarrhea Burping Abdominal distention Excessive bowel activity Full feeling
62
Metformin
Oral Hypoglycemics -- Glucophage
63
lowers glucose levels in the blood; they are commonly used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus
Oral Hypoglycemics
64
Metformin (Glucophage)
Headache Dizziness Chills Light-headedness Taste disorder Diarrhea Nausea Vitamin B12 deficiency Vomiting Indigeston Constipation Abnormal stools Dyspepsia Weight loss Chest discomfort Palpitations NURSING CONSIDERATION 1 Assess patient’s renal function 2 Monitor patient’s glucose level regularly to evaluate effectiveness of therapy 3 Temporarily discontinue drug in patients with restricted food and fluid intake due to surgery or other procedures because of increased risk of volume depletion, hypotension, and renal impairment 4 Monitor patient for evidence of anemia 5 Monitor vitamin B12 level for every 3 years PATIENT TEACHINGS 1 Teach patient about diabetes and the importance of adhering to therapeutic regimen, following a diet 2 Warn patient against excessive alcohol intake while taking drug 3 Advise patient to swallow the tablet as a whole, don't crush, chew 4 Advise pt to not take other OTC drugs w/o notifying the prescriber 5 Advise pt to discontinue breastfeeding or discontinue drug
65
Glipizide
Oral Hypoglycemics -- Glucotrol
66
Glipizide (Glucotrol)
COMMON SIDE EFFECTS Dizziness Drowsiness Headache Nervousness Tremor Nausea Dyspepsia Urticaria Flatulence Constipation Diarrhea Vomiting Leukopenia Hemolytic anemia Rashes NURSING CONSIDERATIONS During periods of increased stress, patient may need insulin therapy Patient teaching from insulin therapy to oral hypoglycemic should monitor glucose levels regularly The frequency of adverse reactions appears to be lower than with first-generation drugs PATIENT TEACHINGS Instruct patient about the disease, importance of diet, following dose Tell patient to carry candy or other sugars to treat mild low-glucose level Dont change dose without prescriber’s notice Advise pt to wear or carry medical ID at all times Warn patient to avoid alcohol, which lowers glucose level Don't take other OTC drugs, consult prescriber first
67
Levothyroxine
Thyroid Hormones -- Synthroid
68
hormone that controls your body's metabolism, the process in which your body transforms the food you eat into energy
Thyroid Hormones
69
Levothyroxine (Synthroid)
COMMON SIDE EFFECTS Diarrhea Headache Insomnia Shortness of breath Hair loss Increased appetite Sweating Vomiting Chest pain Palpitations Weight loss Fever Menstrual changes Heat intolerance Cramp Tiredness Arthralgia Nervousness Rash Abdominal pain Tremors NURSING CONSIDERATIONS Patients w/DM may need increased antidiabetec doses when starting thyroid hormone replacement Patients w/hypothyroidism are unusually sensitive to thyroid hormone Start at lower to higher dosages Long-term therapy causes bone loss during premenopause Patients taking anticoagulants may need their dosage modified and require monitoring PATIENT TEACHINGS Drug must be taken consistently at same time each day The drug should never be stopped unless directed by prescriber Caution patient to tell prescriber about all medications taken,OTC, prescription, and herbal products Warn patient about side effects and adverse reactions Instruct pt w/DM to monitor glucose level and report changes Pregnancy must be reported to allow adjustments
70
Prednisone
Corticosteroids -- Deltasone
71
have several effects on the body: - Reduce inflammation, suppress overactive immune system responses, and help w/ hormonal imbalances - are fast acting in the body, which makes them useful for treating sudden severe symptoms - effectively manage allergic reactions
Corticosteroids
72
Carbidopa/Levodopa
Anti Parkinson Agent -- Senemet
73
used to treat Parkinson's disease; These drugs work by increasing the levels of dopamine in the brain, a neurotransmitter that helps control movement
Anti Parkinson Agent
74
A neurodegenerative disorder that affects movement
Parkinson's Disease
75
Carbidopa/Levodopa (Senemet)
Confusion Sleep disorder Headache Nausea Hypotension Dizziness Loss of appetite Diarrhea Anxiety Chest pain Sweating Diplopia Hand tremor Memory loss Monitor patient for changes in behavior and to immediately report suicidality Observe patient and monitor VS, esp BP when changing positions Monitor patient for CV signs and symptoms Hallucinations or dyskinesias may require reduction of dosage or withdrawal Monitor patient for depression and suicidality. Instruct patient or caregiver in safe drug administration Dont increase or decrease dosage without prescriber’s orders Tell pt to change positions slowly Multivitamins can be taken without reversing levodopa’s effects
76
Phenobarbital
Anticonvulsant -- Luminal
77
are medication used to prevent or treat seizures; they work by affecting the electrical activity of the brain
Anticonvulsants
78
Phenytoin
Anticonvulsants -- Dilantin
79
Phenobarbital (Luminal)
Drowsiness Headache Dizziness Excitement or increased activity Nausea Vomiting Slowed breathing / difficulty breathing swelling of eyes, lips, or cheeks Rash Blistering / peeling skin Fever Confusion
80
Phenytoin (Dilantin)
Rash Headache Nausea Slurred speech Constipation Decreased coordination Dizziness Drowsiness Trouble sleeping Bleeding gums Confusion Liver problems Locomotor dysfunction Anxiety Seizure Sore throat Uncontrollable eye movements Abdominal pain Enlarged lips Fever Unusual bleeding Blisters Chest pain
81
Diazepam
Anticonvulsant -- Vallum
82
Diazepam (Vallum)
Confusion Drowsiness Dizziness Constipation Xerostomia Impaired coordination Muscle weakness Anxiety Blurred vision Depression Irritability Nausea Diarrhea Slurred speech Tremor Agitation Fast heartbeat Increased seizures warning Spinning sensation Amnesia Blistered or peeling skin Decreased interest in sexual intercourse Dependence and misuse
83
Ibuprofen
Analgesics (NSAIDs) -- Motrin, Advil
84
Ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil)
Dizziness Nausea Heartburn Constipation Headache Stomach pain Hypertension Allergic reaction Diarrhea Edema Rash Bloating Heart failure Blurred vision Kidney disease Hepatotoxicity Ringing in the ears A stomach ulcer Anemia Melena Hematuria Itching Shortness of breath
85
Allopurinol
Antigout Drugs -- Zyloprim
86
medications used to prevent and treat gout
Antigout Drugs
87
A painful condition caused by buildup of Uric acid crystals in the joints
Gout
88
Allopurinol (Zyloprim)
Nausea Diarrhea Drowsiness Rashes Headaches
89
Celecoxib
Analgesics (Opioids/Opiates) -- Celebrex
90
Celecoxib (Celebrex)
Headache Dizziness Insomnia Fever HTN Peripheral edema Abdominal pain Diarrhea Back pain Dyspnea Cough Nausea Flatulence Hypersensitivity reaction
91
medications that are stronger pain relievers and can be used to treat severe pain
Analgesics (Opioids/Opiates)
92
these medications reduce pain and inflammation
Analgesics (NSAIDs)
93
Used to relieve pain
Analgesics
94
Clonidine
Antihypertensives -- Catapres
95
Clonidine (Catapres)
Constipation Dizziness Xerostomia Fatigue Decreased sexual ability Nausea Depression Anxiety Headache Darkening of the skin Drowsiness Heart block Hypotension Hypertension Allergic reaction Blurred vision Chest pain Dry, itching, or burning eyes Fainting Impotence Loss of appetite Drug withdrawal Abdominal pain Excessive sweating
96
Atorvastatin
Antilipemic -- Lipitor
97
Atorvastatin (Lipitor)
Insomnia Nasopharyngitis Abdominal pain Diarrhea Dyspepsia Flatulence Nausea UTI Increased LFT values Diabetes Muscle spasm Dizziness Headache Loss of appetite Common cold
98
Theophylline
Anti-asthmatic -- Theo-dur
99
Theophylline (Theo-dur)
Nausea vomiting stomach/abdominal pain Headache Trouble sleeping Diarrhea Irritability Restlessness Nervousness Shaking increased urination
100
INSULIN TYPE: Short - Acting Onset, Peak time, Duration
ONSET: 30 minutes PEAK TIME: 2 - 3 hours DURATION: 3 - 6 hours
101
INSULIN TYPE: Intermediate - Acting Onset, Peak time, Duration
ONSET: 2 - 4 hours PEAK TIME: 4 - 12 hours DURATION: 12 - 18 hours
102
INSULIN TYPE: Long - Acting Onset, Peak time, Duration
ONSET: 2 hours PEAK TIME: Doesn't Peak DURATION: Up to 24 hours
103
Usually taken 30 and 60 mins before a meal.
SHORT-ACTING INSULIN
104
Covers insulin requirements for a half-day or overnight. Frequently used in combination with rapid- or short-acting insulin.
INTERMEDIATE-ACTING INSULIN
105
Covers insulin requirements for almost a full day. Frequently used with rapid- or short-acting insulin.
LONG-ACTING INSULIN

PHARMACOLOGY (1 decks)

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