Body Tissues

Question 1

What are the 4 types of tissues?

Answer 1

• epithelium
• connective
• muscle
• nervous

Question 2

What are the different types of epithelial tissues?

Answer 2

Shorter/narrower = squamous. Simple layers.
Psuedostratified = simple columnar
Transitional epithelium = irregular form of stratified

Question 3

What is the epidermis?

Answer 3

Outer layer of skin. Made of stratified squamous epithelium. Outer layer has lost many organelles and is keratinised so forms strong barrier.

Question 4

What are the 2 types of gland?

Answer 4

Endocrine = substances into blood via gland
Exocrine = substances leave body’s tissues

Question 5

How is the epithelium of the intestines adapted?

Answer 5

Increase SA and absorption. Villi and microvilli. Connective tissue proper is generalised.

Question 6

How is bone tissue maintained?

Answer 6

Osteoblasts - build bone.
Osteoclasts - digest bone.
Osteocytes - monitor bones and signal cells.

Question 7

What is white adipose tissue?

Answer 7

Fat tissue. Found throughout the body for energy storage, insulation and protections organs.

Question 8

What are the 3 types of muscle?

Answer 8

Skeletal/striated - many muscle fibres in parallel, multi nucleated, direct conscious control.
Cardiac - intercalated discs with pores so cytoplasm is continuous.
Smooth - arteries, gut tube. Peristalsis, constrict/dilate blood vessels and pupils.

Question 9

What is the function of neuroglia?

Answer 9

Support nerve cells by passing substances between blood and neurone, myelination and fighting infection.

Question 10

What are additional cells that help neurones function?

Answer 10

• astrocytes - projections that touch neurones and blood vessels to transport substances.
• oligodendrocytes - wrap CNS neurones to myelinate.
• Schwann cells
• Microglia - immune cells of CNS.