bonding Flashcards
(20 cards)
Do metal’s lose or gain electrons? What charge do they have then?
They lose electrons. they then have a positive charge (also called cations)
Do non-metals lose or gain electrons? What charge do they have then?
The gain electrons meaning they have a negative charge (called anions)
What are alloys?
A mixture of two or more metals.
What are the two types of alloys?
Substitutional atoms (made of metal elements that have similar chemical properties)and interstitial atoms (have small atomic siae added to the lattice of another metal)
Force of attraction for bonding
Electrostatic
what state are metallic bonding electrons
they are in a sea of delocalised electrons
Properties of metallic bonding (7 answers)
Good conductors of electricity, have high density, high melting and boiling points, malleable and ductile and lustrous and are sonorous.
Properties of ionic bonding (5 answers)
Have high melting and boiling points, soluble water and conduct electricity in molten state and aqueous solutions. They are brittle but not easily scratched.
Properties of covalent bonding in covalent lattices
poor conductors of electricity, have high melting and boiling points, they are hard and brittle.
Properties of covalent bonding in covalent molecules
low melting and boiling points, no electrical conductivity, relatively soft and does not dissolve in water
Covalent lattice structure
Every atom is bound to a fixed number of atoms
covalent molecules structure
Groups of two or more atoms bound together. these molecules can be elements e.g. o2. Can be either polar or non-polar
Polar
the bonding pair is unequally shared between the two non-metal atoms. Large enough difference in electronegativity between two non-metal atoms.
non-polar
If there is relatively no difference in electronegativity between the two non-metal atoms, they are classified as non-polar. Equally shared.
what is VSEPR
Valence, Shell, Electron, Pair, Repulsion
x—-A—-x no spare electrons
Linear as it has no spare electrons
…………… x
++—–A /
…………. \
…………….x
+ = spare electron (not bonded)
Bent as it has spare electrons
…………x
x—–A/
………..\
…………x
no spare electrons
trigonal planer
no spare electrons
x
|
x—–A—–x
|
x
Tetrahedral
++
|
x——A====x
|
x
(+=spare electrons, not bonded)
trigonal pyramid because it has spare electrons
