Bonding Flashcards
(22 cards)
Electronegativity
The attraction of an atom for a shared pair of electrons in a covalent bond
Atoms with a high IE also have a..
High electronegativity
Polar covalent
One atom has slightly more attraction than the other
Covalent
Both atoms have equal attraction
Ionic bonding
When there’s a large difference in electronegativity -> electron transfer from the low E-neg atom to the high E-neg atom
What is a covalent bond
The electrostatic force of attraction that the nuclei have for the shared pair of electrons
What is special about phosphorus onwards
They can expand the octet
What does VSEPR stand for
Valence shell electron pair repulsion
VSEPR Theory
- Pairs of electrons repel and take up positions as far apart as possible
- There is an order of repulsion:
LP-LP>LP-BP>BP-BP - Double bonds have the same repulsion as single bonds
2 pairs of electrons
Linear
3 pairs of electrons
Trigonal planar
4 bonding pairs of electrons
Tetrahedral
3 bonding pairs and 1 lone pair of electrons
Trigonal pyramid
2 bonding pairs and 2 lone pairs of electrons
V-shaped/Bent
5 bonding pairs of electrons
Trigonal bipyramid
4 bonding pairs and 1 lone pair of electrons
Seesaw
3 bonding pairs and 2 lone pairs of electrons
T-Shape
2 bonding pairs and 3 lone pairs of electrons
No name
6 pairs of bonding electrons
Octahedral
5 bonding pairs and 1 lone pair of electrons
Square pyramid
4 bonding pairs and 2 lone pairs of electrons
Square planar