Bonding, Structure and Properties of Matter Flashcards
(28 cards)
What is an ionic bond?
A bond between metals and non metals
What is a covalent bond?
A bond between non metals
What is a metallic bond?
A bond between metals
Why do atoms share electrons?
To gain a full outer shell
Explain why Oxygen difluoride is a gas at room temperature?
Oxygen difluoride is a gas at room temperature because…
- It is a simple molecule
- It has weak intermolecular forces
- (so) little energy is required to break it
Why can’t ionic compounds conduct electricity?
The ions are not free to move
What type of structure do ionic compounds have?
Lattice structure
In which states can something conduct electricity?
In which states can something conduct electricity?
Describe how the Magnesium atom and Oxygen atom forms magnesium oxide.
- The magnesium atom loses two electrons
- Each of two chlorine atoms gains one electron
- The magnesium ion has a +2 charge
- Each chloride ion has a -1 charge
What are three examples of giant covalent structure and what can each be used for?
- Diamond => Jewellery
- Graphite => Pencil
- Silicone Dioxide => Sand
What are two similar properties of Diamond and Silicone Dioxide?
- Very hard
- Not conductors
What property is similar across diamond, graphite and silicone dioxide?
Very high melting points
Why is graphite soft and slippery?
It has weak intermolecular forces between each layers and so they can slide over each other.
Why can graphite conduct electricity?
IWhy can graphite conduct electricity?
What type of force acts between the ions in an ionic compound?
(Strong) electrostatic force
Which state are ionic compounds at room temperature?
Solid (s)
What are three examples of fullerenes?
- Graphene
- Buckministerfullerene
- Nanotubes
What is graphene and what is it used for?
- A layer of graphite made from carbon
- Used in electronics
Which properties does graphene lose and keep from graphite?
- It loses the ability to slide
- It keeps the ability to conduct electricity
What is buckministerfullerene made of? Write the formula.
Made of 60 carbon atoms (C_60)
What is buckministerfullerene used for?
Drug delivery (by doctors)
What is the structure of a buckministerfullerene?
A hollow, spherical shape
State four properties of nanotubes.
- Made of carbon
- Conducts electricity (has free electrons)
- Has high tensile strength
- Has high length : diameter (long & thin) /
surface area : volume ratio
What can nanoparticles be used for?
- drug delivery
- electronics
- sun cream
- catalyst
