Bone Flashcards
1
Q
MC benign bone tumor
A
osteochondroma
2
Q
MC benign bone tumor of spine
A
hemangioma
3
Q
MC benign bone tumor of hand
A
enchondroma
4
Q
MC benign tumor of clavicle
A
ABC
5
Q
MC benign bone tumor of sacrum
A
GCT
6
Q
MC benign rib lesion
A
FD
7
Q
MC malignant bone tumor
A
mets
8
Q
MC primary tumor of bone
A
MM (27%)
9
Q
MC malignant tumor of spine
A
mets
10
Q
MC malignant tumor of hand, scapula, sternum
A
chondrosarcoma
11
Q
MC malignant bone tumor of kids
A
osteosarcoma
12
Q
MC malignant childhood disease
A
acute leukemia
13
Q
MC ST tumor in late adult life
A
malignant fibrous histiocytoma
14
Q
MC pelvic neoplasms irradiated
A
CA of cervix, prostate, bladder
15
Q
MC type of childhood leukemia
A
acute lymphocytic leukemia
16
Q
MC type of adult leukemia
A
chronic myeloid or lymphomatic
17
Q
MC tumor of clivus
A
chordoma
18
Q
MC mets bone tumor in kids
A
osteosarcoma, ewings, neuroblastoma
19
Q
MC cause of death in MM
A
respiratory failure secondary from pneumonia
20
Q
MC site of extramedullary plasmacytoma
A
nasopharynx
21
Q
MC site of septic pyogenic arthritis
A
knees and hip
22
Q
MC site of skel mets
A
spine (50%)
hip/knee (30%)
other (20%)
23
Q
MC location for Pagets
A
pelvis
24
Q
MC location for paget’s sarcoma
A
femur (yoch, res)
pelvis (p&j)
25
MC location for simple bone cyst
prox humerus and femur
26
MC benign neoplasm of patella
chondroblastoma
27
MC primary to bone mets
lung, breast, prostate
28
MC primary blow out mets
```
"RATS L"
renal
adrenal
thyroid
skin (melanoma)
lung
```
29
MC acral mets
lung
30
MC site of acral mets
foot
31
MC primary malignant bone tumor to mets to bone
ewings
32
MC neoplastic causes of scoliosis (provoked by pain)
osteoid osteoma (L spine), osteoblastoma
33
MC primary thoracic cage childhood skeletal tumor
ewings (maybe FD?)
34
MC cause of bilateral acetabuli protrusio
RA
35
MC cause of absent pedicle
lytic mets
36
MC complication of pagets and mets
path fracture
37
MC metabolic bone disease
Osteoporosis
38
MC VB affected by chordoma
C2
39
MC infectious agent in septic arthritis
staph aureus
40
MC site of skeletal TB
spine (TL)
41
Rarest benign bone tumor
intraosseous lipoma
42
MC site of tarsal coalition
talocalcaneal and calcaneonavicular
43
MC site of carpal coalition
lunotriquetral (and capitate-hamate - 2nd)
44
MC developmental hand anomaly
syndactyly
45
MC neuropathy associated with scoliosis
poliomyelitis (Duschene's m dystrophy now)
46
MC bony abnormality associated with neurofibromatosis
scoliosis
47
MC direct cause of death in scoliotics
congestive heart failure
48
MC inf organism in sickle cell
staph aureus
49
MC form of dwarfism
achondroplasia
50
MC chest wall deformity
pectus excavatum
51
MC cause of tibiotalar slant
multiple epiph dysplasia, JRA, hemophilia
52
MC worldwide fungal inf of skeleton
```
madura foot (maduromycosis. Madurella mycetomi or actinomycetes like Nocardia brasillensis)
MRI: dot in circle sign (and US)
```
53
MC two disorders to cause pseudoarthrosis
FD and NFM
54
MC site of synnoviochondrometaplasia
Knee (70%)
| elbow, hip, ankle
55
MC site of OCD
```
lateral aspect of medial femoral condyle
next:
talus (med and lat dome)
hip (sup wt bearing surface)
patella (med facet)
foot (metatarsal head)
elbow (capitellum)
```
56
MC cause of hypertrophic osteoarthropathy
secondary; broncogenic carcinoma (higher % of mesothelioma cause HOA)
57
MC only primary malignant bone tumor to cross joint
chordoma
58
MC skin lesion in neurofibromatosis
fibroma molluscum
59
MC site for hemophilic arthropathy
knee
| ankle, elbow
60
MC sites for hemophilic pseudotumor
femur
| pelvis, tibia, hand
61
MC clotting factor deficiency in hemophilia
classic (8)
| 2nd - christmas (9)
62
MC forearm fracture
colles
63
MC wrist fracture
scaphoid
64
MC salter-harris
2 (50-70%)
65
MC lunate dislocation
perilunate fracture-dislocation (MC than pure lunate dislc')
66
MC atlas fracture
posterior arch
67
MC extraspinal site for DISH
pelvis
| patella, calcaneus, foot, elbow
68
DISH %
50% diabetes and OPLL
40% HLA-B8 +
30% periph joint manifestations
20% dysphagia
69
Neurotrophic %
25% those with syryngomyelia
20% syphilitics
5% diabetics
"jigsaw VB" spinal involvement
70
RA %
```
50-80% C spine involved
25% C1-C2 (up to 50% with severe dx)
20% RA nodules
15% protrusio
superior rib erosions
```
71
JCA %
90% seronegative (50% polyarticular - microganthia, bird facies, MCP, wrist, foot, ankle. 30% pauciarticular - iridocyclitis, large jts MC knee. 20% classic systemic (mild jt changes)
30% instability C1-C2
10% seropositive - like adult RA
+periostitis and "squashed carpal sign"-absent small carpal compartment
72
AS %
```
90% HLA-B27+
80% chronic prostatitis
60% first rad signs at TL junction
50% peripheral large joint involvement (hip, shoulder, knee)
25% iritis
8% renal failure (amyloidosis)
2-15% C1-C2 involvement
cardiac complications: tachycardia, conduction defects, aortitis, aortic aneurysms, pulm involvement (bilat apical fibrosis)
```
73
Enteropathic arthritis %
15% msk involved (effusions, arthralgia, erythema)
10-12% HLA-B27+
5-10% spine involvement (full blown AS)
MC cause: UC and Crohns. less common: whipples, yersinia, salmonella, shigella
74
Psoriatic %
```
80% with nail involvement
75% HLA-B27 +
60% spinal disease
30-50% SI jt
45% C1-C2 instability
15% with skin lesions develop arthritis (some say 7%)
```
75
Reiters %
```
75% or more have HLA-B27+
50% lover's heel
50% SI joint involvement
30% get skin lesion (keratoderma blenorrhagica)
50 M:F 1
```
76
SLE %
90% articular signs and sx
5-10% adults get osteonecrosis (40% in younger pt)
5% C1-C2 involvement
sheet like or punctate ca++ w/n myofascial planes
77
Scleroderma %
```
90% Raynaud's
90% dysphagia, heartburn, eophageal involved
50% resroption of distal tufts
20% ST ca++
Thieberge-Weissenbach Syndrome:
ST ca++'s
scleroderma
Reynaud's
generalized telangiectasias
"mauskopff": mouse-like facies
```
78
HOA
1-3% off all bronchogenic carcinoma will lead to HOA
| periostitis involves tibia, fibula, radius, ulna
79
Osteitis pubis
1-3% pelvic surgeries result in OP (prostate, bladder, urethra, cervix). This is the most common cause (esp prostate surgery)
80
Gout %
60% initially at 1st MTP
15% SI involvement
5% chondrocalcinosis
predilection for polynesians and new Zealand natives
x-ray changes usually lag 5-10 years behind sx
tophi get 10-12 years after onset
81
CPPD %
```
35-60% pseudoosteoarthritis
10-20% chondrocalcinosis, asympt
10-20% pseudogout
2-6% pseudorheumatoid
Czech, chilean and dutch population inc incidence
```
82
HADD %
3% general pop has shoulder HADD (MC site)
| monoarticular MC
83
Ochronosis %
```
2 M:F 1
20-40 yo
alkaptonuria
ochronosis; black pigment deposition
orchonotic arthropathy
```
84
Tumoral calcinosis %
```
AKA Teutshlaender disease
CT: sedimentation sign
blacks
6-25yo
hip, shoulders are MC site
primary and secondary forms
```
85
Sarcoidosis %
```
50% asympt
15% skeletal manifestations
blacks and scandanavians
20-40yo
Boeck's sacroid: with skin lesions
Lofgren's: acute onset, articular involvement, best prog
```
86
Hemochromatosis %
25-50% have articular problems
87
Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita
"curved joints": symmetric contractures, diamond deformity (hip abd, flex, ext rot and knee flexion), normal sensation, dec muscle mass, equinovarus, talocalcaneal coalition, carpal fusion, disl'c, fx and scoliosis
88
% bilateral bipartite patella
80%
89
% bilateral legg calve perthes
10%
90
% bilateral SCFE
20-30%
91
% bilateral Keinbochs
occasional
92
% bilateral OCD
30%
93
% bilateral rotator cuff HADD
50%
