Bone and bone marrow

Question 1

What are 5 functions of bones?

Answer 1

Support, Movement, protection, mineral and fat storage, red blood cell production

Question 2

What 2 parts of bone is there?

Answer 2

Compact, and Spongy

Question 3

What bone part is hard and on the outside keeping its shape?

Answer 3

Compact bone

Question 4

What bone part contains the blood vessels and bone marrow?

Answer 4

Medullary cavity

Question 5

What bone part maintains the rigidity of the bone and is lighter than compact bone?

Answer 5

Spongy (cancellous) bone

Question 6

What are the 5 types of bones?

Answer 6

Long bone, short bone, irregular bone, flat bone, sesamoid bone

Question 7

What are the 6 components to long bone structure?

Answer 7

Diaphysis, Epiphysis, Articular cartilage, Periosteum, Medullary cavity, Endosteum.

Question 8

Which long bone component am I?

The main shaft of a hollow bone.
Hollow cylindrical shape and thick compact bone.
Provide strong support without cumbersome weight.

Answer 8

Diaphysis

Question 9

Which long bone component am I?

Both ends of a long bone.
Made of spongy bone.
Bulbous shape.
Provide attachments to muscles and give stability to joints.

Answer 9

Epiphysis

Question 10

Which long bone component am I?

A layer of hyaline cartilage that covers the articular surface of epiphyses.
FUnction to cushion jolts and blows.

Answer 10

Articular cartilage

Question 11

Which long bone component am I?

Dense white fibrous membrane that covers bone.
Contains cells that form and destroy bone.
Attaches tendons to bones and contains blood vessels important in growth and repair.

Answer 11

Periosteum

Question 12

Which long bone component am I?

Thin, fibrous membrane that lines the medullary cavity

Answer 12

Endosteum.

Question 13

Which long bone component am I?

Tube-like, hollow space in a diaphysis of a long bone.
In adults, filled with a connective tissue rich in fat (yellow marrow).
Contains blood vessels important in growth and repair.

Answer 13

Medullary cavity.

Question 14

Regarding inorganic salts, what am I?

Crystals of calcium and phosphate that contribute to bone hardness?

Answer 14

Hydroxyapatite.

Question 15

Regarding inorganic salts, what am I?

Hydroxyapatite crystals formation?

Answer 15

Calcification.

Question 16

Regarding inorganic salts.

What else does bone contain?

Answer 16

Magnesium, sodium, sulfate, and fluoride.

Question 17

What does the following description discuss which component of bone matrix?

Composite of collagen fibers and mixture of protein and polysaccharides.
Secreted by tissue cells.
Help cartilage maintain a smooth surface and springy consistency.

Answer 17

Organic matrix

Question 18

WHat are the three types of bone cells?

Answer 18

Osteoclasts, osteoblasts, osteocytes.

Question 19

What bone cell am I?

Bone forming cells.
Contain framework for deposition of calcium and phosphate.

Answer 19

Osteoblasts (Ob)

Question 20

What bone cell am I?

Bone-eroding cells.
Contain mitochondria and lysosomes.

Answer 20

Osteoclasts (Oc)

Question 21

What bone cell am I?

Mature non-deviding cells surrounded by matrix.

Answer 21

Osteocytes

Question 22

What types of bone marrow are there?

Answer 22

Red marrow and yellow marrow

Question 23

What does red marrow do?

Answer 23

Functions to produce red blood cells

Question 24

What does yellow marrow do?

Answer 24

Replaces red marrow as person ages.
Storage of fat and functions as energy storage.

Question 25

True or false.

Articular cartilage is superficial to compact bone.

Answer 25

True.

Question 26

In adults, where is bone marrow located in the skeletal system?

Answer 26

Ribs.
Humerus.
Bodies of vertebrae.
Pelvis (sacrum and coccyx).
Femur.

Question 27

When can yellow marrow change to red marrow?

Answer 27

During times of decreased blood supply including anaemia, exposure to radiation, and certain diseases.