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Flashcards in Bone And Cartilage 1 Deck (23)
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1
Q

What su the most predominant collagen type formed into dense regular and irregular connective tissue

A

Type 1

2
Q

What is the basement membrane

A

Between epithelia and underlying supporting connective tissue lies the basal lamina which constitutes a selective barrier to passage of materials between epithelia and supporting tissue

Also involved in control epi Growth and differentiation

3
Q

What is the composition of the basement membrane

A

Gags
Type 4 collagen
Glycoproteins (fibronectin, laminin, entactin)

4
Q

What su cartilage

A

Semi rigid ct consistently chiefly of scattered cells surrounded by a rather amorphous appeared extracellular matrix
Mostly type 2

5
Q

What is cartilage histiogenesis

A

Cartilage formation
Diff of primitive stellate mesenchymal cells rounded cartilage precursor cells - Chondroblasts
These cells divide and aggregate and syn ground sub
Mature to chondrocytes
Devoid of blood vessels a vascular

6
Q

What is mesenchyme

A

Primitive connective tissue of embryo
Derived mostly from mesoderm
Also neural crest contributes
Consists of stellate or fusiform cells some reticular fibres and abundant ground substance

7
Q

What are the cells found in cartilage

A

Chondrocytes (Chondroblasts when immature)
Live in lacuna
Vary in shape and size

Maintain and secrete ECm

8
Q

What does ECm consist of

A
Water 
Organic material ( collagen, proteoglycans)
9
Q

What is an important glycoprotein in the matrix

A

Chondronectin a macromole that promotes adherence of chondrocytes To the matrix collagen

10
Q

What su the matrix area

A

Above chondrocytes high in proteoglycans
Territorial matrix
Matrix at distance has fewer proteoglycans inter territorial matrix

11
Q

What is perichondrium

A

Cartilage surrounded by this ct layer
Has 2 layers itself
Outer fibrous layer of dense ct and inner chondrogenic layer provides new Chondroblasts to adjacent cartilage

12
Q

What su hyaline cart

A

Grossly
Blue whit colour
Most common cart

13
Q

What is elastic cart

A

Grossly light yellow colour

Addition of elastic fibres make it quite flexible

14
Q

What is fribocart

A

Hybrid between tendon and hyaline cart
Bands densely packed together type 1 collagen
Grossly fibrocart

15
Q

What are the groups of chondrocytes called

A

Isogenous

16
Q

What cartilage is more cellular elastic or hyaline

A

Elastic more cellular than hyaline

17
Q

Where are some sites of elastic cartilage

A

Pinnacle of the ear
Epiglottis
Auditory tube

18
Q

What is fibrocartilage a mixture of

A

Mix of dense regular connective tissue type 1 and 2 collagen

19
Q

Where are some sites where fibrocartilage is

A

Intervertebral discs

Where tendon inserts onto disc

20
Q

What su the comparison of cartilage to bone

A

Cartilage - deformable, permeable, growth apposition all and interstitial

Bone- rigid, not permeable, only apposition all growth

21
Q

What are the functions of bone

A
Support 
Levers
Protection 
Calcium store 
Haemopoiesis
22
Q

What is the structure of the bone

A

Outer shell dense corticol bone make up shaft diaphysis

Cancellous or trabecular bone occupies end of the bone epiphysis

23
Q

What are the types of collagen

A

Type 1 - most abundant
Type 2 - hyaline and elastic cart very thin fibres
Type 3 - reticular fibres can polymerise with other types of collagen
Type 4 - basal lamina doesn’t form fibrils