Bone Development, Growth, and Repair

Question 1

Bone remodeling

Answer 1

Normal process in which bone tissue is replaced

Occurs due to osteoclasts & osteoblasts (specialized cells)

Question 2

Calcification

Answer 2

When calcium is deposited into body tissue
Calci = calcium
fication = making, creating, causing

Question 3

Callus

Answer 3

A soft structure that forms around a broken bone as bone heals
(Soft Callus Formation)
made of cartilage & collage replaces blood clots)

Question 4

Endochondral Bones

Answer 4

Bones formed from models made of cartilage
endo = outside, chondral = cartilage
cartilage ~ soft/flexible connective tissue
cartilage are broken down over time and are replaced by specialized cells with hardened bone tissue containing calcium

Question 5

Growth Plates (Epiphyseal Plates)

Answer 5

Bands of cartilage between the ends and the shaft of a long bone where secondary ossification occurs
STEP 5

Question 6

Intramembranous Bones

Answer 6

Bones that form from sheets of connective tissue membranes

intra = inside (inside membranes)

(made from cells that are not specialized specific connective tissue, calcium depots harden/transforms membranes into bones)

Question 7

Ossification

Answer 7

When a non-bone connective tissue is turned into a bone
5 STEPS
Ossifi = turned into bone/bony tissue

Question 8

Osteoblasts
osteo = bone

Answer 8

Specialized cells that form and classify new bone tissue by adding calcium/minerals to cartilage or connective tissue membranes

blasts = combine, formations of cells

Question 9

Osteoclasts
osteo = bone

Answer 9

Specialized cells that break down bone tissue within the medullary cavity
clasts = cell that destroys/absorbs

Question 10

Primary Ossification Center

Answer 10

The area where cartilage fist begins to ossify into spongy bone Step 2
(the starting formation model is made out of cartilage) Step 1

Question 11

Resorption

Answer 11

Process in which a bone tissue is brown down and the nutrients are absorbed by the body

Question 12

Secondary Ossification Centers

Answer 12

When the areas in the ends of long bones continue growth after the bone has formed
STEP 3

Question 13

How does the medullary cavity form in the ossification process?

Answer 13

The spongy bone located in the center of the shaft of the bone breaks down. (Step 4)

Question 14

Bone Tissue Repair Steps (4 steps)

Answer 14

Wound cleaning, soft callus formation, hard callus formation, and bone remodeling

Question 15

Wound Cleaning

Answer 15

Bone bleeding causes clots to form
Special cells remove bone fragments & germs

Question 16

Hard Callus Formation

Answer 16

Collage & cartilage are replaced with bone tissue forming a hard callus of bone tissue (but still softer than bone tissue)

Question 17

Bone Remodeling

Answer 17

-Callus will be removed
- Osteoclasts break down bone tissue in callus
-Osteoblasts build new bone tissue in place of callus
- Process is continued until the bone is returned to normal