Bone Grafts

Question 1

Describe the different types of bone graft?

Answer 1

Autogenous- from the same person from a different part of the body

Xenograft- Deproteinised bone matrix

Allograft- irradiated sterilised freeze dried bone blocks

Alloplastic

Bone bioengineering- Growth factors- bone morphogenic protein

Question 2

Describe the principles of grafting.

Answer 2

Osteoconduction- scaffold that supports the bone forming cells.

Osseoinduction- osteogenesis is induced through the recruitment of immature cells for bone formation.

Question 3

Describe the different ridge augmentation procedures that are available.

Answer 3

Application of grafts-
- Onlay
- Interpositional
- Sinus lift

Inferior dental nerve retraction

Distraction osteogenesis
- osteotomy
- Latency
Distraction
- Consolidation
- remodelling

Zygomatic implants

Question 4

What are the indications for zygomatic implants?

Answer 4

Severe maxillary atrophy

Sinus pneumotisation

Avoid harvesting of bone graft

Hemimaxillectomy

Question 5

What are BMPs?

Answer 5

Active osseoinductive factors

Convert UNC’s into osteoblasts and induce angiogenesis.