Bone Vocabulary Flashcards
(75 cards)
Ossification
The process of cartilage turning into bones.
Osteocyte
Bone cell.
Osteoblast
A cell that builds bone.
Osteoclast
A cell that breaks down old or damaged bone.
Periosteum
Forms the outermost covering of bone.
Compact bone
Forms the protective outer layer of bones.
Spongy bone
Found in the end and inner portions of long bones.
Endosteum
Lines the medullary cavity.
Medullary cavity
Central cavity located in the shaft of long bones.
Yellow bone marrow
Fat storage area.
Red bone marrow
Manufactures blood cells.
Hemopoietic
Pertaining to the manufacturing of blood cells.
Cartilage
Smooth, rubber, blue-white connective tissue which acts as a shock absorber between bones.
Articular cartilage
Covers the surfaces of bones where they come together to form joints.
Diaphysis
The shaft of long bones.
Epiphysis
The wider ends of long bones.
Foramen
Opening in a one through which blood vessels, nerves, and ligaments pass.
Joints
Articulations classified by their construction and the degree of movement allowed.
Fibrous joints
Do not allow any kind of movement. Ex. skull.
Cartilaginous joints
Only allow slight movement, mostly bones connected by cartilage. Ex. between the sternum and ribs.
Synovial joints
Allow a variety of movements. Ex. ball and socket joints such as the shoulder and hip joints. Hinge joints such as the elbows and knees.
Ligaments
bands of fibrous tissue that form joints, connect one bone to another or bone to cartilage.
Bursa
A fibrous sac that acts as a cushion to prevent friction in a joint between a tendon and a bone.
Axial skeleton
Protects the major organs of the nervous, respiratory, and circulatory systems.
