Bones and Bone markings Flashcards
(43 cards)
Examining and Classifying Bones according to shape
long, short, flat & irregular
Cartilages in the adult skeleton and body
hyaline, elastic & fibrocartilage
How many cranium bones are there
8
Name the bones of the cranium
Cranium-
Cranial Vault/Calvaria
Cranial Floor/Base
Anterior Fossae
Middle Fossae
Posterior Fossae
How many bones do the frontal bone have? Name all of them
2; Supraorbital Foramen- vessels, Glabella
How many bones are in the in the occipital bones and name all of them?
5, External Occipital Protuberance EOP
Foramen Magnum- spinal cord
Occipital Condyles- articulates with atlas
Hypoglossal canal
Nuchal Lines
Superior
Inferior
Name all the temporal bones and how many pieces are there?
External Auditory/Acoustic Meatus/Canal EAM
Styloid Process- muscle attachment
Mastoid Process- muscle attachment
Jugular Foramen- jugular vein
Carotid Canal- carotid artery
Internal Acoustic Meatus IAM- nerves
Mandibular Fossa-TMJ
Foramen Lacerum; 8
What are some of parts of the sphenoid bone?
Greater Wings
Lesser Wings
Optic Canals- optic nerve
Sella Turcica (Turkish Sadddle)
Hypophyseal Fossa- pituitary gland
Foramen Rotundum- trigeminal nerve
Foramen Ovale
Foramen Spinosum
Foramen Lacerum, Orbital Fissures
Superior
Inferior
.
What are some of the ethmoid bones?
Crista Galli
Cribriform Plates- olfactory nerve
Perpendicular Plates
Middle nasal conchae
How many bones are in the facial bones?
14
What are the parts for the mandibular bone?
Ramus
Condyle/Condyloid process
Coronoid Process
Notch
Angle
Body
Mental Foramen
Mandibular Foramen
Name all the parts of the maxilla?
Infraorbital Foramen- vessels
Palatine Process
What are some of the remaining parts of the facial bone?
Palatine
Zygomatic Lacrimal Nasolacrimal Ducts
Nasal
Vomer
Inferior Nasal Conchae
What does the hyoid bone serve?
throat, does not articulate with any other bone, used for muscle attachment aids in breathing and swallowing)
What are some of the paranasal sinuses?
Maxillary
Sphenoid
Ethmoid
Frontal
What are some of the cavities?
Cranial
Orbital
Nasal
Oral
Name all the auditory ossicles in the inner ear?
Auditory Ossicles (bones of the inner ear)
Mallus
Incus
Stapes
What are parts of the vetebrae column?
Cervical (secondary curve, lordotic curve)7
Thoracic (primary curve, kyphotic curve)12
Lumbar (secondary curve, lordotic jcurve)5
Sacrum (primary curve, kyphotic curve)5 fused
Coccyx 4 fused
Scoliosis (curve of the vertebral column A-P view)
Hyper-lordotic, Hypo-lordotic (increase or decrease in curve lateral view)
Hyper-kyphotic, Hypo-kyphotic (increase or decrease in curve lateral view)
What is the difference between the cervical, throacic, and lumbar veterbrae?
Cervical vertebrae have transverse foramina, bifid spinous processes and are overall smaller in size as compared to other vertebrae. Thoracic Vertebrae
Thoracic vertebrae have facets and demi-facets on their bodies and or transverse processes for articulation with the ribs. Their spinous process is typically longer and angles downward.
Lumbar Vertebrae The lumbar vertebrae is typically the biggest vertebrae because it bears the largest amount of weight
Name the special features for C1 and C2?
C-1 Atlas has no body and the following structures are unique to C-1
Anterior Tubercle
Fovea Dentis- where the dens attaches behind anterior tubercle
Lateral masses/Superior Articulating Facets/Processes
C-2 Axis the following structure is unique to C-2
Dens (odontoid process)
What are some of the parts of the sacrum?
Ala
Sacral Promontory
Superior Articular Process/Facet
Auricular surface- articulates with ilium
Median sacral crest
Sacral Foramina
Sacral Canal
What does the bony thorax contain?
Bony Thorax (sternum, ribs, thoracic vertebrae)
Name parts of the sternum?
Manubrium
Body
Xiphoid
Clavicular notch
Name the parts of the ribs.
Ribs (12 pairs)
7 true ribs (vertebrosternal)
5 false ribs
3 false (vertebroachondral)
2 floating
