Book 1 (Level 1) Flashcards
(23 cards)
안넹하세요 / 감사합니다
Hello / Thank you
내 / 아니요.
Yes / No
안녕히 계세요 / 안녕히가세요
Goodbye (leaving) / Goodbye (staying)
죄송함니다. 저기요.
I’m sorry. Excuse me (you over there)
이에요 / 예요
“It is/ I am” 이에요- last letter consonant. 예요- last letter vowel.
이거 / 이거 뭐예요
this, this one / what is this, what is this one
이, 저, 그, 거/것
This (near you), that over there, the/ that (near the other person), thing, item, stuff, fact.
이것/이거- this thing, item, this one
그것/그거- the thing, the item, that one, it
저것/저거- that thing over there
+you must not use or when you point at a person
아니에요
it is not, I am not, you are not
은/는, 이/가
은/는- topic marking. Indicates that THAT noun is the main topic. Emphasis on that noun.
이/가- expresses subject. Not as much emphasis as 은/는.
있어요/ 없어요
have, there is/ don’t have, there isn’t
주세요
Please do, please give me
맛있어요. 잘 먹겠어요. 맛없어요.
It is delicious. I ate well/ thank you for the food. It tastes awful.
고 싶어요
I want to
뭐 고 싶어요
What do you want to do
아/ 어/ 여요
Basic present tense.
1) If the verb stem’s last vowel is ㅏ or ㅗ it is followed by 아요
2) If the last vowel is NOT ㅏor ㅛ it is followed by 어요
3) Only one verb stem, which is 하, is followed by 여요.
았/었/였어요
Past Tense
1) Verbs ending with ㅏ or ㅗ are followed by 았어요
2) stems ending with vowels OTHER THAN ㅏ or ㅗ are followed by 었어요
3) Verb stem 하 is followed by 였어요
어디, 에, 에서
Where/which place, at/to/in (location particle) expresses where something is, at/in/from expresses where an action is taking place.
언제
When?
안, 지 않다
1) Add 안 before a verb- simpler and more colloquial.
2) Use the negative verb ending 지 않다- slightly more formal but not necessarily only for formal situations.
하다
to do
1) present tense- 하 + 여요 = 해요
2) past tense- 하 + 여요 = 했어요
누구
Who
1) 누구 해요?- Who did it?
2) 누가 제인이에요?- Who (among these people none other than) is Jane?
2) 누가 했어요?
왜? 어떠게?
Why? How?
에서/부터- 까지
에서- “from” more associated with locations
부터- “from” more associated with time.
까지- “to” or “until”
All are used AFTER a noun or pronoun.
