Book 29 Truck Manual Flashcards
(131 cards)
1
Q
Effective ventilation will accomplish four main objectives:
A
Save lives
Assist in firefighter access
Control horizontal spread of fire
Reduce the possibility of back draft or flash over
2
Q
If the heat, smoke, and fire gases are not released, they will accumulate at the highest point of the structure and begin to bank down and spread laterally. This process is generally known as ______________
A
Mushrooming
3
Q
The key to safe and effective roof ventilation is the knowledge of _____________________
A
Rafter type and rafter direction
4
Q
On roofs sheathed with plywood, the “Head Cut” is made __________ to rafters
A
Perpendicular
5
Q
single cut made through the roof decking, the same width as the chain saw blade
A
Kerf cut
6
Q
Since the plywood normally used is 4’ x 8’ in size, a nailing block will usually be found every __ feet.
A
4
7
Q
A ____________is a small triangular piece of roof covering (composition), which is removed from the roof to expose the roof sheathing.Used to determine ?
A
Plug Cut
Sheathing type and composition thickness
8
Q
A _____________ is a light cut of the roof covering, usually composition only. It is used to facilitate the removal of multiple layers of roofing material (composition).
A
Score cut
9
Q
A skim cut is a light cut made with the chain saw, cutting through the __________ and _______________
A
Roof covering and plywood sheathing
10
Q
turbine-style ventilator is about _____ more effective when the turbine is spinning
A
30%
11
Q
In a 45 Degree inspection hole When the saw makes contact with a rafter, roll over the rafter and continue the cut for approximately _______________
A
6 to 10 inches
12
Q
The chain saw operator should cut a minimum of ______ dice cuts before the puller begins removing sheathing.
A
3
13
Q
Cut ________ inches inside of the purlins to avoid hitting metal hangers.
A
4 to 6
14
Q
conventional construction will utilize a minimum of ________ (and up to mill/timber construction).
A
2”x 4”s
15
Q
A frame configuration of conventional construction, Rafters are usually ______ inches or larger and are usually ______ to ______ “on-center.”
AND up to ______ For “ steep pitched roofs”
A
2”x 6”
16” to 24”
36”
16
Q
Metal gusset plates , The most common are ___ gauge steel plates with prongs that produce _____ inch penetration.
A
18; 3/8”
17
Q
Eighteen- gauge “roof truss clips” may be found nailed to the bottom chord spaced ____ to ______ and top plate of interior walls
A
3 to 5 trusses
18
Q
Newer roofs use _______ inch plywood as a decking instead of 1 x 4 inch or 1 x 6 inch space sheathing
A
3/8” or 1/2”
19
Q
Bridge truss roofs are found on various types and sizes of commercial buildings primarily constructed during the _______________. Wooden truss members are built from ________inch lumber
A
1930s and 1940s ; 2” x 12 “
20
Q
Straight sheathing was utilized prior to _____, and _______ sheathing was utilized after 1933.
A
1933; diagonal
21
Q
With tied truss arch roofs, Tie rods are usually ______ in diameter, with turnbuckles are used below each arch member to ensure the arches do not push the exterior walls outward
A
5/8”
22
Q
Wooden I Beam , may be constructed from _____ inch plywood or “chip-board” of the same thickness.
A
3/8”
23
Q
In open web construction, The steel tube web members are prefabricated from ________ cold rolled steel tubing with the ends pressed flat into a semicircular shape with a hole punched through the end
A
1” to 2”
24
Q
Open web bar joists, Top and bottom chords are usually made from ____ steel and web supports are solid ______ inch steel bar
A
1/8” ; 5/8”
25
In a lamella arch, when exposed to fire , total roof collapse may occur if fire removes more than ____ of the roof structure
20%
26
steel loses its tensile strength at ______ degrees F,
1000
27
In pre-33 URM Buildings, Parapet walls around the perimeter of a roof. Parapet walls can be ______above the roof line, and ______ or more if used as a facade on the front of a building.
3 feet
5 feet
28
After the ________ Earthquake of 1959 . A _______inch concrete bond-beam cap to be laid on top of lowered parapet walls along public ways and exits. -
Tehachapi;
4” to 6” inch
29
Kings row can be found every ______ rows on buildings
4-6
30
Long Beach Earthquake of 1933 ordinances:
1. Exterior walls are required to be at least nine inches thick.
2. Masonry walls are required to be reinforced with steel "rebar."
3. All joists and rafters are required to be anchored to exterior walls. This is usually
accomplished by bolting a "ledger board" to a masonry wall and attaching the joist and
rafters to the ledger board with metal hangers.
4. Cement utilized in the mortar.
5. Diagonal roof sheathing.
31
Tehachapi Earthquake of 1959 ordinances :
1. A four to six inch concrete bond-beam cap to be laid on top of lowered parapet walls along
public ways and exits.
2. Parapet walls should not be higher than 16 inches including the bond-beam cap, and most
importantly;
3. Exterior walls drilled at the roof rafter level and a steel anchor bar/rod installed every four
feet and attached to the existing roof rafter. This modification rendered the fire cut of the
roof rafter ineffective. The steel anchor bar/rods are secured to the exterior of the building
by a plate/nut combination that is known as "rafter tie plates."
32
The Sylmar Earthquake of 1971 ordinances:
1. Add steel bracing from parapet walls to roof structural members.
2. Metal straps across the width of the roof and attached to opposing walls. The straps are usually 1/3 of the length of the building back from the front and rear walls.
3. Remove the layers of composition and cover the sheathing with ½ inch plywood. This decking is then recovered with composition.
33
Metal straps on pre-33 roofs , can be found _____ from walls
3 to 4 feet
34
Depending on the particular method that is employed, "curtain" construction can be about ____ faster than conventional construction
60%
35
Compared to negative pressure ventilation, positive pressure ventilation is approximately ______ as effective at removing contaminants from a building
Twice
36
Positive pressure is most efficient when the exhaust opening (heat hole, window, door, etc.) is between
__________ to ____________the size of the entrance opening
3/4 ; 1 and 3/4
37
positive pressure has proven effective AGAINST winds (leeward to windward) of up to ___ mph; efficiency will be reduced accordingly.
25
38
When Blowers are used in series, the front blower can increase the capacity of blower A by approximately ______
10%
39
removing screens on windows prior to using these openings for ventilation purposes will increase the efficiency of these openings by at least ____
50%
40
A single 18" blower is adequate for an average _______sq ft single family
dwelling
2000
41
Concentrations of carbon monoxide can be found during overhaul from what range?
500 ppm - 1200 ppm
42
Limitations in the length and diameter of the winding drum restricts this type of elevator to ______ lifts and slow speeds
150 foot
43
hydraulic elevators use hydraulic power instead of cables and traction sheaves and are generally limited to
_____ story buildings
6
44
The equipment rooms for hydraulic elevators are normally located at the lower level of a building, but can be at any floor level or ___________feet away from the elevator shaft
50 to100
45
Larger than passenger elevators, freight elevators can be as large as ________________ and have a carrying capacity of up to ______
12’ X 14’
3 tons
46
Gib blocks are approximately ___________________ and are installed every ______ across the underside of the door panel.
3”W x 1”H x 1/2” Thick
18 inches
47
centrifugal force governor is provided on most elevators to guard against overspeeding (when a car travels in excess of _____ of top speed, the governor will activate a safety stop device).
20%
48
Mains in water lines, normally run beneath a street and parallel to a curb, can vary from __________ in size
2 to 72 inches
49
Service lines run between a main and a water meter, can vary from ___________
1/2 inch to 12 inches
50
Water meters are normally directly adjacent to shut-off valves and vary in size from ___________inches (inlet- outlet size).
1/2” to 10”
51
Compound meters are _____ or larger and are normally found directly adjacent to shut-off valves.
4” inches
52
Domestic water pressure at normally ____ to ____
40 to 80 psi
53
A commercial occupancy with MULTIPLE domestic water service will have separate 1 to 2 “ water meters for each individual occupancy , this is referred to as a ______
Battery
54
fire hydrant gate valves may require ____to _____ full turns to complete a shutdown
18 to 26
55
Natural gas also has an ignition temperature of ______degrees, and has a flammable range between ___________ percent.
1100 ; 4 and 14 %
56
Gas is carried by service lines, as medium pressure, which normally does not exceed ____ psi. At the service meter (Meter Set Assembly), the pressure is reduced to a low pressure approximately ______ psi.
60; 1/3
57
A ring on the stopcock valve indicates a ___________
A flat washer on the stopcock valve indicates that the service line has a ______________________
A band on the stopcock valve indicates the service line is _____
Branch service
plastic pipe inside older metal pipe
Plastic
58
The tang on a Nordstrum valve can only be turned ________ turn
1/4
59
Multiple MSAs is called a __________
Header
60
The Rescue air cushion is able to absorb and dissipate the energy of impact in less than ______
1/6 of a second
61
Rescue Air Cushion
The tear strength of this material is over ______
50 lbs psi
62
The Air Rescue Cushion will fully inflate in less than ______
60 seconds
63
After landing, have the jumper(s) immediately roll off the cushion and allow ____ seconds for reinflation
20
64
Rescue Air Cushion:
Task Force Commander is in charge of :
- Safety Officer for the overall operation.
- Supervise deployment of air cushion.
- Controls timing of jumper(s).
- Ensures that cushion is fully inflated.
- Liaison with LAPD and/or Incident Commander.
65
Rescue Air Cushion:
Engine Captain is in charge of :
- Assists in moving air cushion to target area.
- Polices target area for hazards that can damage the air cushion (i.e., sprinkler heads,
broken glass, etc.)
- Insures Air Rescue Cushion is fully inflated.
- Supervises deployment of air cushion pre- deployment area.
- Coordinates movement of cushion, blowers, and power source.
66
Securely tie the monitor to an object capable of withstanding _______ lbs (400 kg) of force
900 lbs
67
The Crossfire Upper Assembly weighs ____pounds and the Stow-A-Way 800 Base weighs ______pounds, including the integrated 4” in-line shutoff valve that weighs 23 pounds Combined, the total weight of the portable monitor is approximately _________ lbs
17
43.7
61
68
The automatic drain valve is designed to close automatically when the pressure in the monitor exceeds approximately ______ and open again when the pressure drops to that point.
5 psi
69
The stow-a-way 800 base is intended for maximum flows of ____ gpm. Task Force Tips has allowed the LAFD to flow up to ______ gpm with the portable base as long as it is attached to a loop of loaded 4” supply hose.
800 ; 1000
70
Tie-down strap is made of nylon webbing and is _______ in length
8 feet
71
Portable monitor At an angle of 35 degrees, approximately ____ of the nozzle reaction force is acting sideways on the base.
82%
72
Portable monitor base leg Spikes must be sharp to provide resistance to sliding. Replace any spike if the tip diameter exceeds ________
1/16 “
73
Make the hose connection to the portable base and extend the hose straight back from the portable base at least ______
10 feet
74
If any fire does begin to accelerate or spread, it can easily be controlled by:
-extinguishing the fire
- turning the blower 90 degrees from the opening
- reducing the RPM of the blower
- increasing the distance between the overhaul area and the blower
- shutting the blower off
75
When it comes to louvering off a main beam , the puller can louver after the ______ cut
Fifth
76
When it comes to dicing , After the ____ dice cut is complete, the puller removes the roof sheathing. Always leave a minimum of ____ un-pulled section between the cutter and the puller
Third ; one
77
Post 33 requirements :
- exterior walls to be at least 9 “ thick
- masonry walls to be reinforced with rebar
- joists and rafters to be anchored to exterior walls
- cement utilized in mortar
- diagonal roof sheathing
78
Post 1959 requirements :
- 4 to 6 inch bond beam cap laid on top of lowered parapet walls along public ways and exits.
- parapet not higher than 16 “ including the bond beam cap
- exterior walls to be drilled to roof rafters and a steel bar installed every FOUR feet
79
All MSA’s that are served from the branch main will be identified by a ____ at the stopcock.
Ring
80
depending on the type of fire, concentrations of carbon monoxide within the range of 500 parts-per-million (ppm) to 1200 ppm are easily obtainable during overhaul operations. Measurements during actual overhaul operations have indicated that positive pressure can easily reduce carbon monoxide concentrations of 1000 ppm to approximately how many part per million?
130 to 220 ppm
81
What must be determined prior to initiating ventilation to enhance safe and effective cutting operations ?
Direction of structural members (rafters/joists)
82
What three operations does a size up consists of ?
Analyze the situation
Decide on a plan
Put the plan into operation
83
A single lightweight truss structural member can span _______
70 feet
84
the ability to accurately estimate the amount of time that a structure can be considered structurally strong is dependent on the following factors:
- type of construction
- how long the fire has been burning
- fire intensity
85
What size rafters can be found in sawtooth style roofs?
2x8 or larger
86
In order to make this type of cut, you must first know rafter type and rafter direction. Next, you must determine the location of How many rafters ?
Center rafter louver ; 3
87
When cutting a center rafter louver, The head cut is started by first cutting _____ from your ladder to locate your first “outside” rafter.
Away
88
If two blowers of unequal CFM are utilized in the series position, place the large blower about ___ feet back from the entrance opening and utilize the smaller blower behind the larger blower to cover the entrance opening with pressurized air.
Two
89
Pressurization fans in buildings constructed after 1974 are required to have fans that must provide not less than ________ cubic feet while maintaining a positive pressure of not OVER ______ on interior doors.
50 cubic feet
25 lbs
90
In the City of Los Angeles, windows in exterior walls that can be used for the removal of heat and smoke are required as follows:
• Pre-1960 -
• Post- 1960 -
• Post- 1974 -
Pre 1960 - Openable windows
Post 1960 - Tempered glass on at least two sides of buildings ( corners , 50-foot intervals or less )
Post 1974- Tempered glass on FOUR sides of buildings
( corners, 50-foot intervals or less )
91
Requirement of Smoke Control Systems (Uniform Building Code) in high rise buildings has eliminated the requirement of the installation of tempered glass after what year ?
1996
92
Opening a door at the bottom and on roof levels of a stair shaft can create upward air currents of _______ mph
3 to 6 mph
93
In high-rise building, when using blowers to ventilate,
Regardless of the size, portable blowers should be placed ____to ____ back from the doorway and angled back at least 5 degrees
4 to 6 feet
94
Phase I, “Recall Phase” – Elevators recalled will respond non-stop to the _________ and IGNORE all other call button requests
Lobby
95
Phase II, “Override Phase” – Recalled elevators will respond as per Phase I, but in addition can be places in emergency use by firefighters. All automatic elevators having a travel of ________ or more above the lowest grade level may be recalled to the lobby by smoke detectors or by a three-position key operated “Emergency Service” switch in the lobby.
70 feet
96
If the building is equipped with SPLIT BANK elevators, do not use an elevator that services the fire floor if a lower bank of elevators reaches within _____ floors of the fire floor.
Five
97
Phase II “ Emergency Service”
If multiple floor buttons have been actuated, the car will stop _____________________________. At that time all other selections will be __________. The car doors will remain closed.
At the first of the selected floors it reaches
Cancelled
98
Salvage operations in high-rise should begin where ?
Where the greatest loss is expected
99
What is the best method for channeling large quantities of water ?
Channel into a stairwell
100
Portable monitor, Securely tie the monitor to an object capable of withstanding ___________ of force.
900 lbs
101
What is the total weight of the portable monitor ?
61 lbs
102
Portable monitor ,The valve is designed to close automatically when the pressure in the monitor exceeds approximately _____ and open again when the pressure drops to that point.
5 PSI
103
It is intended for maximum flows of ____ gpm .With the portable monitor , Task Force Tips has allowed the LAFD to flow up to 1000 GPM with the portable base as long as it ______________________
800 gpm
Is attached to a loop of a loaded 4” supply hose
104
How long is the nylon strap on the portable monitor ?
8 feet
105
What is the angle at the elevation safety stop on the portable monitor ?
35˚
106
Portable monitor , At 35˚ approximately how much of the nozzle reaction force is acting sideways on the base ?
82%
107
Portable monitor, at what degree is the force acting sideways is equal to the force acting downward on the base ?
45˚
108
Portable monitor, when do you replace spikes?
Tip diameter exceeds 1/16”
109
Portable monitor , Make the hose connection to the portable base and extend the hose straight back from the portable base at least ______
10 feet
110
What is the ONLY nozzle that is to be used with portable monitor ?
Master Stream 1000
111
TRUNK lines carry water from a primary source (reservoirs, pumps, etc.) to mains within a
distribution system. Trunk lines can vary from _____________________ in size, and are constructed from iron or concrete.
36” to 10 feet
112
The centerpiece or lid normally identifies the type of utility with the word(s) "WATER," "DWP," "L.A. Water," "LA DWP WATER," or "CITY WATER METER," and are often marked in what color paint ?
BLUE
113
True or False:
A gate valve is a NON- Rising stem valve that has a square nut attachment at the top of the valve stem
True
114
What two valves are indicating type valves ?
OS&Y and Post Indicator Valve
115
What kind of meter is used to supply water for a closed fire protection system ?
Detector check valve with by-pass meter
116
What kind of meter is used to calculate water usage for domestic water services that can use low and high water flows ?
Compound meter
117
Detector check valves can vary in size from ?
2 to 10 inches
118
Dwellings commonly use how much incoming water pressure ?
40 to 80 PSI
119
Service lines run between a main and a water meter, can vary from _______ to ________.
1/2” to 12”
120
Leaks from commercial toilets can be eliminated
by removing a cap over the relief valve and using a ________________ to turn the relief. valve screw ________.
Slot-headed ; outward
121
Transmission lines bring natural gas into the Southern California area and vary in diameter from ____ to _____ inches.
12 to 36 inches
122
MSAs can be categorized as follows:
1. Residential
2. Industrial
3. Multiple Gas Meter
123
For faint gas odors inside a structure, always check what as a first action ?
Condition of pilot light
124
natural gas emergencies can be divided into 3 categories: inside leaks, outside leaks, and leaks resulting in fires. The most dangerous of these being:
Inside Leaks
125
the first priority on scene of a reported gas leak is safety. For faint odors, always check __________ as a first action.
Condition of the pilot lights
126
Air Rescue Cushion, there are multiple options to for a power source or to inflate the Air Rescue Cushion. The truck on-board generator, two portable generators, gasoline powered blowers, and a 110 AC power supply. The preferred order of use as available is:
1. On-board generator
2. 110 AC Power
3. Two portable generators
4. Gas powered blowers
127
Air Rescue Cushion, the limiting height from which a person may safely fall into the cushion is determined by:
The lower cell
128
Rescue air cushion , The _____ cell is the ______ cell and absorbs most of the energy generated by the impact
Upper ; Larger
129
the Air Rescue Cushion will initially fully inflate in less than ___ seconds and reinflate in ___ seconds.
60 ; 20
130
the Air Rescue Cushion is inspected:
After each use and monthly
131
what size rafters does a Sawtooth Roof typically have?
2x8 inches or larger
