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Biology Exam 3 Chapter 10 > Book Review Questions 10 > Flashcards

Book Review Questions 10 Flashcards

1
Q

A diploid cell has ___ the number of chromosomes as a haploid cell
one-fourth
half
twice
four times

A

Twice

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2
Q

An organism’s traits are determined by the specific combination of inherited ____
cells.
genes.
proteins.
chromatids.

A

genes

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3
Q

The first level of DNA organization in a eukaryotic cell is maintained by which molecule
cohesin
condensin
chromatin
histone

A

Histone

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4
Q

Identical copies of chromatin held together by cohesin at the centromere are called
histones.
nucleosomes.
chromatin.
sister chromatids.

A

sister chromatids

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5
Q

Chromosomes are duplicated during what stage of the cell cycle
G1 phase
S phase
prophase
prometaphase

A

S phase

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6
Q

Which of the following events does not occur during some stages of interphase
DNA duplication
organelle duplication
increase in cell size
separation of sister chromatids

A

separation of sister chromatids

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7
Q

The mitotic spindles arise from which cell structure?
centromere
centrosome
kinetochore
cleavage furrow

A

Centrosome

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8
Q

Attachment of the mitotic spindle fibers to the kinetochores is a characteristic of which stage of mitosis?
prophase
prometaphase
metaphase
anaphase

A

Pro-metaphase

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9
Q

Unpacking of chromosomes and the formation of a new nuclear envelope is a characteristic of which stage of mitosis?
prometaphase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase

A

Telophase

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10
Q

Separation of the sister chromatids is a characteristic of which stage of mitosis?
prometaphase
metaphase
anaphase
telophase

A

Anaphase

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11
Q

The chromosomes become visible under a light microscope during which stage of mitosis?
prophase
prometaphase
metaphase
anaphase

A

prophase

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12
Q

The fusing of Golgi vesicles at the metaphase plate of dividing plant cells forms what structure?
cell plate
actin ring
cleavage furrow
mitotic spindle

A

Cell Plate

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13
Q

Which of the following is the correct order of events in mitosis?

Sister chromatids line up at the metaphase plate. The kinetochore becomes attached to the mitotic spindle. The nucleus reforms and the cell divides. Cohesin proteins break down and the sister chromatids separate.
The kinetochore becomes attached to the mitotic spindle. Cohesin proteins break down and the sister chromatids separate. Sister chromatids line up at the metaphase plate. The nucleus reforms and the cell divides.
The kinetochore becomes attached to the cohesin proteins. Sister chromatids line up at the metaphase plate. The kinetochore breaks down and the sister chromatids separate. The nucleus reforms and the cell divides.
The kinetochore becomes attached to the mitotic spindle. Sister chromatids line up at the metaphase plate. Cohesin proteins break down and the sister chromatids separate. The nucleus reforms and the cell divides.
16. At which of the cell-cycle checkpoints

A

The kinetochore becomes attached to the mitotic spindle. Sister chromatids line up at the metaphase plate. Cohesin proteins break down and the sister chromatids separate. The nucleus reforms and the cell divides.

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14
Q

At which of the cell-cycle checkpoints do external forces have the greatest influence?
G1 checkpoint
G2 checkpoint
M checkpoint
G0 checkpoint

A

G1

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15
Q

What is the main prerequisite for clearance at the G2 checkpoint?
cell has reached a sufficient size
an adequate stockpile of nucleotides
accurate and complete DNA replication
proper attachment of mitotic spindle fibers to kinetochores

A

accurate and complete DNA replication

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16
Q

If the M checkpoint is not cleared, what stage of mitosis will be blocked?
prophase
prometaphase
metaphase
anaphase

A

Anaphase

17
Q

Which protein is a positive regulator that phosphorylates other proteins when activated?
p53
retinoblastoma protein (Rb)
cyclin
cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk)

A

CDK- Cyclin Dependent Kinase

18
Q

Many of the negative regulator proteins of the cell cycle were discovered in what type of cells?
gametes
cells in G0
cancer cells
stem cells

A

cancer cells

19
Q

Which negative regulatory molecule can trigger cell suicide (apoptosis) if vital cell cycle events do not occur?
p53
p21
retinoblastoma protein (Rb)
cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk)

A

P53

20
Q

____ are changes to the order of nucleotides in a segment of DNA that codes for protein
Proto-oncogenes
Tumor suppressor genes
Gene mutations
Negative regulators

A

Gene mutations

21
Q

A gene that codes for a positive cell-cycle regulator is called a(n) _____.
kinase inhibitor.
tumor suppressor gene.
proto-oncogene.
oncogene.

A

proto-oncogene

22
Q

A mutated gene that codes for an altered version of Cdk that is active in the absence of cyclin is a(n) _____.
kinase inhibitor.
tumor suppressor gene.
proto-oncogene.
oncogene.

A

oncogene

23
Q

Which molecule is a Cdk inhibitor that is controlled by p53?
cyclin
anti-kinase
Rb
p21

A

p21

24
Q

Which eukaryotic cell-cycle event is missing in binary fission?
cell growth
DNA duplication
karyokinesis
cytokinesis

A

karyokinesis

25
Q

FtsZ proteins direct the formation of a _______ that will eventually form the new cell walls of the daughter cells.
contractile ring
cell plate
cytoskeleton
septum

A

Septum

26
Q

Human papillomavirus can cause cervical cancer. The virus encodes E6, a protein that binds p53. Based on this fact and what you know about p53, what effect do you think E6 binding has on p53 activity?

A

E6 binding marks p53 for degradation

27
Q

Which of the following statements describes a characteristic feature of metaphase

A

alignment of chromosomes on the equator of the wall

28
Q

Which of the following properties is associated with CDK- Cyclin Dependent Kinase

A

CDK is an enzyme that attaches phosphate group to other proteins

29
Q

After DNA Replication, each duplicated chromosome consists of two of which of the following structures

A

Sister Chromatids

Biology Exam 3 Chapter 10 (6 decks)

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