Book Vocab

Question 1

adenoids

Answer 1

Lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx; pharyngeal tonsils.

Question 2

alveolus (pleural: alveoli)

Answer 2

Air sac in the lung.

Question 3

apex of the lung

Answer 3

Tip or uppermost portion of the lung. An apex is the tip of a structure. Apical means pertaining to or located at the apex. The apex of the heart is at the bottom of the heart.

Question 4

base of the lung

Answer 4

Lower portion of the lung; from the Greek basis, foundation. Basilar means located at or in the base.

Question 5

bronchioles

Answer 5

Smallest branches of the bronchi. Terminal bronchioles lead to alveolar ducts.

Question 6

bronchus (plural: bronchi)

Answer 6

Branch of the trachea (windpipe) that is a passageway into the lung; bronchial tube.

Question 7

carbon dioxide (CO2)

Answer 7

Gas produced by body cells when oxygen and carbon atoms from food combine; exhaled through the lungs.

Question 8

cilia

Answer 8

Thin hairs attached to the mucous membrane epithelium lining the respiratory tract. They clear bacteria and foreign substance from the lung. Cigarette smoke impairs the function of cilia.

Question 9

diaphragm

Answer 9

Muscle separating the chest and abdomen. It contracts to pull air into the lungs and relaxes to push air out.

Question 10

epiglottis

Answer 10

Lid-like piece of cartilage that covers the larynx, preventing food from entering the larynx and trachea during swallowing.

Question 11

expiration

Answer 11

Breathing out (exhalation).

Question 12

glottis

Answer 12

Slit-like opening to the larynx.

Question 13

hilum of the lung

Answer 13

Midline region where the bronchi, blood vessels, and nerves enter and exit the lungs. Hilar means pertaining to (at) the hilum.

Question 14

inspiration

Answer 14

Breathing in (inhalation).

Question 15

larynx

Answer 15

Voice box; containing the vocal cords.

Question 16

lobe

Answer 16

Division of a lung.

Question 17

mediastinum

Answer 17

Region between the lungs in the chest cavity. It contains the trachea, heart, lymph nodes, aorta, esophagus, and bronchial tubes.

Question 18

nares

Answer 18

Openings through the nose carrying air into the nasal cavities.

Question 19

oxygen (O2)

Answer 19

Gas that makes up 21 percent of the air. It passes into the bloodstream at the lungs and travels to all body cells.

Question 20

palatine tonsil

Answer 20

One of a pair of almond-shaped masses of lymphatic tissue in the oropharynx (palatine means pertaining to the roof of the mouth).

Question 21

paranasal sinus

Answer 21

One of the air cavities in the bones near the nose.

Question 22

parietal pleura

Answer 22

Outer layer of pleura lying closer to the ribs and chest wall.

Question 23

pharynx

Answer 23

Throat; including the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx.

Question 24

pleura

Answer 24

Double-layered membrane surrounding each lung.

Question 25

pleural cavity

Answer 25

Space between the folds of the pleura.

Question 26

pulmonary parenchyma

Answer 26

Essential parts of the lung, responsible for respiration; bronchioles and alveoli.

Question 27

respiration

Answer 27

Process of moving air into and out of the lungs; breathing

Question 28

trachea

Answer 28

Windpipe.

Question 29

visceral pleura

Answer 29

Inner layer of pleura lying closer to the lung tissue.