Booklet 2

Question 1

Why do bubbles sometimes pass through a liquid when you first start to heat it?

Answer 1

Some atmospheric gases which expand in test tubes get caught in the substance

Question 2

What is the chemical name for limewater?

Answer 2

Calcium Hydroxide

Question 3

What is the gas given off in the thermal decomposition of copper carbonate?

Answer 3

Carbon Dioxide CO2

Question 4

What colour is copper carbonate before thermal decomposition and the colour of the solid after heating?

Answer 4

Green powder before

Black powder after

Question 5

Colour of copper nitrate before heating and the colour of solid after heating?

Answer 5

Blue before heating

Black after heating

Question 6

What colour is nitrogen dioxide gas?

Answer 6

Brown

Question 7

What does mg m3 mean?

Answer 7

The mg per m cubed

Question 8

What gases are made in copper nitrate thermal decomposition?

Answer 8

Nitrogen dioxide+Oxygen

Question 9

Name the maximum number of electrons on the first 3 shells?

Answer 9

2,8,8

Question 10

What is in the centre of an atom cluster?

Answer 10

Neutrons and protons

Question 11

What is the relative mass of a proton, neutron, and electron?

Answer 11

1,1,0.0005

Question 12

Why are atoms neutral?

Answer 12

The number of electrons are the same amount of protons

Question 13

What is the superscript number on a element?

And what is the subscript number on a element?

Answer 13

Top:Relative atomic mass
Bottom:Atomic number

Question 14

How do you work out the number of neutrons in an atom?

Answer 14

Mass number-atomic number

Question 15

What process is aluminium extracted by?

Answer 15

Electrolysis

Question 16

What is Aluminium extracted from?

Answer 16

Alumina

Question 17

Why can Aluminium not be extracted using carbon?

Answer 17

Aluminium is more reactive than carbon

Question 18

What do aluminium ions gain to make aluminium metal?

Answer 18

Electrons

Question 19

What chemical is added to alumina to lower the melting point?

Answer 19

Cryolite

Question 20

Cathode+Anode=_______

Answer 20

Graphite

Question 21

Electrolyte=__________

Answer 21

Alumina+Cryolite

Question 22

What is an electrolyte?

Answer 22

Solution or molten substance to be electrolysed

Question 23

What is a cell?

Answer 23

A container in which electrolysis takes place

Question 24

What is an anode?

Answer 24

A positive electrode

Question 25

What is an cathode?

Answer 25

A negative electrode

Question 26

How is nitrogen dioxide produced every day?

Answer 26

Vehicle exhausts/burning fossil fuels

Question 27

What problem can be caused by nitrogen oxides in the air?

Answer 27

Increasing likeliness of breathing problems

Question 28

Is it dangerous to breathe near roads because of nitrogen oxides?

Answer 28

It is a little less healthy but not very dangerous unless you already have a respiratory problems such as asthma

Question 29

In electrolysis what happens when solutions conduct electricity?

Answer 29

Products form at the anode and the cathode

Question 30

What happens if Copper chloride is used in electrolysis?

Answer 30

Cathode: Copper Anode: Chlorine

Question 31

What is most reactive copper or sodium?

Answer 31

Sodium

Question 32

What is a patten at the cathode and the position of the metal in the reactivity series?

Answer 32

If a metal is less reactive than hydrogen it forms at the cathode.

Question 33

What type of particle is attracted to the cathode?

Answer 33

Positively charged cations

Question 34

What type of particle is attracted to the anode?

Answer 34

Negatively charged anions

Question 35

What particle must be in tap water?

Answer 35

Neutral

Question 36

Positive ions tend to be what and are attracted where?

Answer 36

Metals and attracted to the negative electrode

Question 37

What type of substance's ions are negative and attracted to a positive electrode?

Answer 37

Non-metals

Question 38

Why do they use molten Aluminium instead of an aqueous solution?

Answer 38

Aluminium is more reactive than Hydrogen

Question 39

Define decomposition

Answer 39

The breaking down of a compound into simpler compounds or elements

Question 40

What do non-electrolytes consist of and do they conduct electricity?

Answer 40

They do not conduct electricity as they consists of molecules which are not electricity charged and do not move towards the electrodes

Question 41

What is electrolysis?

Answer 41

Decomposition by passing a current through a substance

Question 42

Why was gold one of the first metals used by man?

Answer 42

As it is not very reactive so it can be found in its native form and does not need to be extracted

Question 43

What is a native metal?

Answer 43

A metal in its natural form not combined with other elements

Question 44

Why were certain metals like magnesium not mass produced until the 20th century?

Answer 44

As they have to be extracted by electricity only widely available in the 20th century