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Bordeaux Flashcards

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1
Q

Bordeaux AOC White Wine

Grapes, Obligation

A

Principle: Semillon, Sauvignon Blanc
Secondary: Muscadelle
Obligation: up to 10% secondary grape

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2
Q

Bordeaux AOC White Wine
Alcohol requirements, Yield

A

Minimum Alcohol: 10.5%, 11.5% common, 12.5% high
Yield: 65hl/h, 20% P.L.C., 4.1 tons / acre

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3
Q

AOC Bordeaux Blanc Sec
Grapes, Obligation

A

Primary: Semillon, Sauvignon Blanc
Secondary: none

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4
Q

AOC Bordeaux Blanc Sec
Alcohol Requirements, Yield

A

Minimum Alcohol: 10.5%, 11.5% common, 12.5% high
Yield: 65hl/h, 20% P.L.C., 4.1 tons / acre

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5
Q

AOC Bordeaux Superieur
Grapes, Obligation

A

Principal: Semillon, Sauvignon Blanc
Secondary: Sauvignon Blanc
Obligation: Up to 10% Secondary Grapes

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6
Q

AOC Bordeaux Superieur:
Alcohol Requirements, Yield

A

Minimum Alcohol: 11%, up to 13%
Yield: 50hl/ha (3.1 tons/acre); 20% P.L.C.

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7
Q

AOC Bordeaux Clairet Superieur:
Grapes, Obligation

A

Principal: Semillon, Sauvignon Blanc, MERLOT??
Secondary: Muscadelle
Obligation: Up to 10% secondary

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8
Q

AOC Bordeaux Clairet Superieur:
Alcohol requirements, Yield

A

Minimum alcohol: 10.5% to 13%
Yield: 40hl/ha; 20% P.LC

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9
Q

Bordeaux AOC White:
Wine making

A
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10
Q

Bordeaux AOC:
White winemaking

A
  1. Harvest
  2. Crush and Destem
  3. Alc. Ferm.
  4. Malo
  5. Storage
  6. Finishing
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11
Q

AOC Bordeaux Blanc Sec
Winemaking

A

Harvest

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12
Q

Bordeaux Districts

A
  1. Bourgaise (RB)
  2. Libournaise (RB
  3. Entre-Deux-Mers & Cotes (RB)
  4. Greater Graves (LB)
  5. Greater Medoc (LB)
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13
Q

Right Bank Districts

A
  1. Bourgaise
  2. Libournaise
  3. Entre-Deux-Mers & Cotes
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14
Q

Left Bank Districts

A
  1. Greater Graves
  2. Greater Medoc
    `
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15
Q

Slope Compression of Bordeaux Vineyards

A
  1. Gentle slopes
  2. Areas between cap and bench difficult to locate
  3. Flats - talus to foot may dominate vineyard areas
  4. Deeper top soils
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16
Q

Effects of Sea Level and Close Proximity to Ocean

A
  1. High ground water levels
  2. High salinity in soil
  3. abundant wetlands, marshes and swamps
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17
Q

Left-Bank-North Soil

A

Alluvial
clay loam
gravel
quartz sand
Flats and gentle slopes

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18
Q

Left-Bank-South Soil

A

Gravel
Silt
Clay Loam
Flats and Gentle slopes

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19
Q

Right Bank Soil

A

Gravel
Stone
Alluvial sandy soil
Flats and mild slopes

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20
Q

Bordeaux (City) Mean Growing season temp.

A

62 degrees F

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21
Q

Charente mean growing temperature

22
Q

Pomerol mean growing temperature

Study These Flashcards
A

63.4 degrees F

23
Q

Cahors mean growing temperature

Study These Flashcards
A

62.9 degrees F

24
Q

Left Bank General Climate Characteristics

Study These Flashcards
A

Mean temp: 62 F
DD - 2628 F
TVI - 63.5 degrees F
Rain - 16.8 in.
RH - 59%

25
Right Bank General Climate Characteristics
Mean temp.: 63.4 F DD - 2644 F TVI - 64.1 F Rain - 15.9 in. RH - 59%
26
Slopes and Land Concerns
Minimum slopes Soil not draining enough
27
Spring Concerns
Early bud burst
28
Summer Concerns
Too hot or cool Not enough cloud cover
29
Harvest Concerns
Ripe Fruit Early rains = mildew High humidity
30
Key Wine Concepts in Bordeaux: Fruit vs. Terroir
Wines range from very firm to very opulent (and firm) The best reds are only moderately terroir-driven
31
Key Wine Concepts in Bordeaux: Red Styles
high tannins, moderate acidity (may be high when young)
32
Key Wine Concepts in Bordeaux: White Styles
Pungent and high in acid
33
Key Wine Concepts in Bordeaux: Rose Styles
High in acid Light (not world-class)
34
Key Wine Concepts in Bordeaux: Sparkling Styles
light petillant to moulleux (not world class) slightly sweet
35
Key Wine Concepts in Bordeaux: Dessert Styles
Rich and heavy (1 world-class AOC)
36
Key Wine Concepts in Bordeaux: Blending
Blending is used to full advantage Practice mono-culture
37
Key Wine Concepts in Bordeaux: Growing Areas
1. Most wines are appellated by district or commune 2. Individual vineyard designations are rare (almost non-existent) 3. Estates represent individual vineyard designations 4. Cru designation hierarchy within several growing areas
38
Key Wine Concepts in Bordeaux: Ageability
Most Wines are made for long-term ageing Some deserts are ageabler Whites are usually consumed young Vine age is critical to ageability
39
Bordeaux holdings facts and figures
1. More than 7300 Chateaux (estates) 2. More than 100 Negociant houses 3. 15+ co-ops 4. Average holding = 38 acres 5. Large estates > 100 acres are present in Bordeaux (rare for France)
40
Key Grapes in Left Bank
1. Cab. Sauv 2. Merlot 3. Cab Franc 4. Malbec (minor) 5. Petite Verdot (minor)
41
Key Grapes in Right Bank source: 9 - 16
1. Merlot 2. Cab Sauv 3. Cab Franc
42
Key Grapes in a Dry White Bordeaux source: 9 - 16
1. Sauv. Blanc 2. Semillon
43
Key Grapes in Late Harvest Dessert Wine
1. Semillon 2. Sauv. Blanc
44
Bordeaux History: Settlement
1. Romans settled as earlly as 100 BC 2. Served as a Roman Emporium (large ag. market) 3. Visited by Claudius Caesar in 47 AD 4. Ignored Edict of Domitian in 92 AD 5. Invaded by Visigoths in 412 AD 6. Visited by Charlemagne 7. Sacked by Normans and Vikings in 8th and 9th centuries
45
Edict of Domitian
To control wine making, Rome decreed 50% of grapes must be destroyed. The price of wine was in decline, hurting the economy Early sign that Rome was in decline
46
Bordeaux History: English Intervention 1152 - 1650
1. Eleanor of Acquitaine married Henry Plantagenet in 1152 2. English control Acquitaine from 1152 - 1429 3. English style of wine established during 1152 - 1429 4. Post-intervention Bordeaux 5. Many Bordelaise wine merchants emigrated to England in 1456 6. English wool/cloth was traded for Bordeaux wine 7. wine and war 8. Irish and Scottish move to Bordeaux
47
Bordeaux History: Popular wines in the 1300s
"Clairet" and Shakespeare?
48
Bordeaux History: Popular wines in 1700s - 1850s
Red, Rose White, Late Harvest, Sparkling
49
Bordeaux History: Modern
Red, White, Dessert
50
Bordeaux History: Popular grape prior to 1715
Carmenere
51
Bordeaux History: Popular grapes in recent past
same as today plus: Petit Verdot Gross Berdot Muscadelle Malbec

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