Bordeaux Flashcards
(99 cards)
0
Q
What was needed to make the bulk of the region suitable for viticulture by the mid-1600’s?
A
Dutch drainage system- previously swamps.
1
Q
Bordeaux is one of France’s most important fine wine regions, and is second in volume of production only to the Languedoc. True or False
A
True
2
Q
What are Courtiers?
A
Brokers of wine that provide the chateaux with financial backing and take control of the sale of the finished product.
3
Q
What are en primeur sales?
A
Wine futures. Controlled by the courtiers.
4
Q
What are the grand vins of Bordeaux?
A
A single wine that is the main effort of the great châteaux. The are usually comprised of fruit from different vineyards that the château owns- regardless of location- within a single AOP.
5
Q
Sauternes lies at the conflux of the ______ and _________ rivers, and in promising years cool morning mists blow off the _____ and encounter the warmer waters of the _________, producing autumn afternoon humidity perfect for incubating the Botrytis spores.
A
Ciron and Garonne
6
Q
The botrytis mold attacks the grape and dehydrates them so that what factors are heightened?
A
Sugar, acidity and glycerol.
7
Q
Which of the following is a sweet wine appellation of Bordeaux?
- Fronsac
- Bordeaux Sec
- Barsac
- St-Émilion
- Moulis
A
Barsac
8
Q
Which of the following appellations is not located within the Médoc?
- Pauillac
- St-Julien
- Pomerol
- Listrac
- Margaux
A
Pomerol
9
Q
Which of the following first growths is not located in the Haut-Médoc?
- Château Margaux
- Château Haut-Brion
- Château Latour
- Château Lafite-Rothschild
- Château Mouton-Rothschild
A
Château Haut-Brion
10
Q
Where is Château Lafite-Rothschild located?
A
Pauillac
11
Q
Which style of wine is produced as Haut-Médoc AOP?
A
Dry reds
12
Q
What soil type is most well suited for cabernet sauvignon grapes?
A
Gravel
13
Q
What grape typically dominates the wines of Pomerol?
A
Merlot
14
Q
Which of the following appellations produces dry white wines?
- Sauternes
- Loupiac
- Pomerol
- Médoc
- Entre-Deux-Mers
A
Entre-Deux-Mers
15
Q
What is Botrytis cinerea?
A
Fungus responsible for the development of Noble Rot.
16
Q
Which of the following appellations is located within Graves?
- Pessac-Léognan
- St-Emilion
- Margaux
- Cornas
- St-Estèphe
A
Pessac-Léognan
17
Q
What is the appellation of Château Lafleur?
A
Pomerol
18
Q
What Château was ranked as “Premier Cru Supérieur” in 1855?
A
Château d’Yquem
19
Q
Which of the following grapes is not included in the Bordeaux AOP encépagement?
- Cabernet Sauvignon
- Petit Verdot
- Malbec
- Merlot
- Syrah
A
Syrah
20
Q
The Cru Classé properties of Graves are located in which subappellation?
A
Pessac-Léognan
21
Q
Where can boulbenes soil be found?
A
Graves
22
Q
How was Château Cos d’Estournel ranked in the 1855 Médoc Classification?
A
2ème Cru. St. Estephe.
23
Q
Which of the following is not a satellite appellation of St-Émilion?
- St-Georges
- Montagne
- Francs
- Puisseguin
- Lussac
A
Francs
24
How many châteaux are currently ranked as "premier cru classé A" in St-Émilion?
4
25
What is Cérons?
* a sweet white wine appellation in southern Graves
* a commune of the Médoc
* a satellite of St-Émilion
* a subappellation of Côtes de Bordeaux
* a dry white wine appellation in Graves
Sweet white wine appellation in southern Graves
26
What is Bouchet?
A synonym for Cabernet Franc on the Right Bank.
27
In which years did Château d'Yquem not release Sauternes?
1992 and 1974
28
What does "St-Émilion Grand Cru" indicate on a label?
* the château is located in the côtes of St-Émilion
* the estate was classified as grand cru classé in 1955
* the estate was upgraded to grand cru classé in 2006
* the wine is from a delimited region within the larger appellation
* the wine is required to show a higher minimum alcohol than St-Émilion
the wine is required to show a higher minimum alcohol than St-Émilion
29
Which of the following is not a village in Margaux AOP?
* Arsac
* Labarde
* Cantenac
* Soussans
* Loupiac
Loupiac
30
Château Chasse-Spleen is a fifth growth in Moulis-en-Médoc.
* True
* False
False
31
Where is Preignac?
* Blaye
* Margaux
* St-Émilion
* Sauternes
* Pessac-Léognan
Sauternes
32
Neac is a commune within the Lalande-de-Pomerol AOP.
True or False
True
33
When was Château Mouton Rothschild of Pauillac reclassified as a First Growth?
1973
34
What are the five First Growths of 1855 Classification?
* Château Lafite Rothschild, Pauillac
* Château Latour, Pauillac
* Château Margaux, Margaux
* Château Haut-Brion, Graves (Pessac-Léognan since 1987)
* Château Mouton Rothschild, Pauillac
(reclassified from Second Growth in 1973)
35
What is the northernmost commune of the Haut-Médoc?
St-Estephe
36
What is the the smallest commune of the Haut-Mèdoc? Name two of the "Super Seconds"?
St-Julien. Léoville Las Cases & Ducru-Beaucaillou.
37
There are no classified growths in Listrac-Médoc and Moulis-en-Médoc? True or False
Name the most famous estate in Moulis-en-Médoc?
True. Château Chasse-Spleen.
38
Which is the largest commune of the Haut-Médoc? First growth? Third growth?
Margaux.
| Margaux & Palmer (3ème Cru)
39
Pétrus in Pomerol has never been classified. True or False
True.
40
Pomerol wines, in general, are dominated by what grape?
Merlot. Equalling 70-80% of the blend. Along with Cabernet Franc.
41
What was created in 1987 as the prestige appellation of Graves?
Pessac-Léognan
42
What are jalles?
Drainage ditches engineered by the Dutch which crisscross the Médoc.
43
What is the Bordeaux Mixture and why is it used?
Lime, copper sulfate and water. To avoid fungal problems.
44
What is the climate of Bordeaux?
Maritime. Rain a worry at harvest. Mold and Rot can be a problem. Continental towards St-Émilion and Pomerol
45
What soil dominates Pomerol?
Sand, clay and gravel over iron pan and rich clay
| Crasse de fer
46
Why does Merlot perform in clay soils?
It delays it's natural vigor
47
What are the 6 red and 3 white grapes allowed for the Bordeaux encépagement?
Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, Merlot, Petit Verdot, Malbec (Pressac) and Carmènere
Sauvignon Blanc, Muscadelle and Semillion
48
What do limestone soils do for grapes in Bordeaux?
Acidity and freshness
49
What does Cabernet Franc add to the Bordeaux encépagement? What soils are best?
Red fruit character and herbal spice. Planted in limestone soils.
50
What are the wines of Bordeaux Supérieur AOP?
Red and off dry white. Higher minimum alcohol content than Bordeaux AOP.
51
What are croupes?
Mounds of gravel unearthed by the Dutch during their engineering work in the area. Perfect for Cabernet Sauvignon.
52
What wines are allowed for Bordeaux AOP?
Red, white, rosé and clairet.
53
What are the typical aromas of white wines in Bordeaux?
Honey, beeswax, floral (from Muscadelle) and citrus (SB)
54
What rivers surround the Entre-Deux-Mers AOP?
Garonne and Dordogne
55
What AOP was created for, predominantly, red wines in 2008?
Côtes de Bordeaux AOP
| Created in an effort to simplify labeling and act as an alternative to the luxury, high-priced wines of Bordeaux.
56
What sweet white wine appellations lie On the eastern shore of the Garonne river?
Loupiac, Ste-Croix-du-Mont, and Cadillac.
57
Sauternes AOP covers five villages....
Sauternes, Barsac, Fargues, Preignac, and Bommes
58
The wines of Barsac may be sold as either Barsac AOP or Sauternes AOP. True or False
True
59
sweet whites may be produced throughout Graves as Graves Supérieur AOP. True or False
True
60
What three smaller sweet wine appellations are located within the same region as Graves Supérieur?
Cérons, Barsac, and Sauternes
61
Unlike the Médoc appellations, both red and dry white wines may be labeled as Graves AOP. True or False
True
62
What are the IGP zones of France?
```
Pays d’Oc IGP, Languedoc-Roussillon
Val de Loire IGP, Loire
Comtés Rhodaniens IGP, Northern Rhône Valley, Jura and Savoie
Méditerranée IGP, Southeast France
Atlantique IGP, Bordeaux and Charente
Comté Tolosan IGP, Sud-Ouest
```
63
What are the négociants of Bordeaux?
They are intermediaries, buying fruit or wine in barrel to age in their own cellars before selling the bottled wine
64
What protects the Médoc vineyards from harsh west and northwesterly winds?
Coastal pine forests
65
What is Coulure and Millerandage? What is the cause?
Coulure - gaps where no berries have formed. Millerandage - small, seedless berries amid a few normal berries. Both a product of springtime frosts?
66
What three white grapes are limited to 30% of the blend for Bordeaux AOP?
Ugni Blanc, Merlot Blanc, and Colombard
67
Red and off-dry white wines with a higher minimum alcohol content may qualify for the Bordeaux Supérieur AOP. True or False
True
68
What are the five communes of Margaux, the largest appellation of the Haut-Médoc?
Soussans, Margaux, Labarde, Cantenac and Arsac
69
Where are Château Léoville Las Cases and Château Ducru-Beaucaillou located?
St-Julien. Both 2ème Cru.
70
What is the first identifiable vineyard of Graves?
Château Pape-Clément
71
All Grand Cru Classé wines must meet the requirements of the St-Émilion Grand Cru AOP. True or False
True
72
What are the four satellite appellations for St-Émilion?
Lussac, St-Georges, Montagne, and Puisseguin
73
What are the wines of Entre-Deux-Mers?
Dry white wines
74
What are the red wine AOPs between the Garonne and Dordogne?
AC Bordeaux and Bordeaux Supérieur
75
What is the appellation for the narrow area hugging the left bank of the Garonne?
Cadillac Côtes de Bordeaux (changed from Premières Côtes de Bordeaux in 2008)
76
Name the six main communes in the Haut-Medoc, North to South.
St. Estephe, Pauillac, St. Julien, Listrac, Moulis and Margaux
77
Which Médoc commune has the most classified Châteaux?
Margaux
78
In what year were the wines of the Graves AOP first classified?
First in 1953
| More followed in 1959
79
What is the classification of Château Gruaud-Larose?
2ème Cru- St. Julien.
80
In what year was the Pessac-Leognan AOP created?
1987
81
Match the Commune and classification of these Chateaux…
. Ch. Palmer 2nd St. Éstephe
. Lynch-Bages 2nd St. Julien
. Calon-Segur 3rd Margaux
. Cos d’Estournel 5th Pauillac
. Leoville-Las-Cases 3rd St. Éstephe
```
Ch. Palmer. 3ème Margaux
Calon-Segur. 3ème St. Estephe
Cos d'Estournel. 2ème St. Estephe
Lynch-Bages. 5ème Pauillac
Léoville-Las Cases 2ème St. Julien
```
82
Both red and dry white wines may be labeled as Graves AOP. True or False
True
83
In which classification would you find Château de Fieuzal?
Pessac-Léognan
84
Which Château produces “Pavillon Rouge”?
Chateau Margaux
85
Blaye AOP is a red wine only appellation?
Yes
86
In what year were the Chateaux of St. Émilion first classified?
1954
87
What varietal is prominent on the Right Bank of Bordeaux?
Merlot
88
Farques is a commune of ____________.
Sauternes
89
```
St. Julien is a .....
Commune of Sauternes
Quality wine from the Côte de Beaune
Quality wine from Pomerol
Commune of the Médoc
```
Commune of the Médoc
90
What is the most planted grape in Bordeaux?
Merlot
91
Three of the first growths are in Pauillac? True or False
True
92
Chateau Ausone is in....
St. Émilion
93
What is another name for Malbec in Bordeaux?
Pressac
94
What do blends afford the winemaker in Bordeaux?
Grapes are complimentary in character and blending adds complexity. Also, different ripening times in case do inclement weather.
95
What are the wines of Margaux generally described as?
Feminine wines with floral bouquet, exotic character and finesse.
96
What is boulbenes soil a mix of?
Sand, gravel and light clay
97
Pauillac has the deepest layer of gravel topsoil. True or False
True
98
Where is Château Figeac?
St. Émilion.
