borders & belonging Flashcards
(24 cards)
Belief that the land is ours/should expand, god given right
Manifest Destiny
Americans are special, our right to expand from “sea to shining sea”
American Exceptionalism
People moving west to look for more land, immigrants looking for a new start
Westward Expansion
Americans allowed in Texas break rules (not Catholic + bring slaves)
Texas gains independence from Spain, runs itself into debt
Texas joins when Oregon does (one slave state, one free state)
Texas Annexation
(1820-1845)
President then dictator of Mexico
Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna
Austin family
US gains North of Rio Grande to West Coast from Mexico
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo- February 1848
Word gets out of gold in California, big immigration (~300K people) in 1849
The gold rush + 49rs
Anti-immigrant sentiment, for example against Chinese immigrants during the gold rush
Nativism
Act for construction of the transcontinental railroad, 2 main companies
Railroad Act of 1862
West-building of transcontinental railroad, 8K immigrants (mostly Irish)
Union Pacific (UPRR)
East-building of transcontinental railroad, 10K Chinese laborers
Central Pacific (CPRR)
First federal restrictive immigration law
Forbids women from coming to the US “for the purposes of of prostitution”
Officials able to decide this
Hard to enforce on Chinese men (50K men v 550 women 1880-82)
Page Act 1875
First citizen racial prerequisite case
___ argues Chinese people were white
Court rules they are not and not eligible for citizenship
In re Ah Yup 1878
Further restrictions on Chinese workers, encouraged immigration but withheld citizenship
Angell Treaty 1880
First restriction from entering on the basis of race
10 year ban on immigration based on race
Prohibited already-living-there immigrants from becoming citizens
Causes ideas of Chinese being ‘unassimilable’ and a threat to ‘racial purity’
Chinese Exclusion Act 1882
White vigilantes set deadline for Chinese to leave
Armed mob of white men force ~200 Chinese residents to the train station
Tacoma Method November 1885
Wyoming white miners killed 28 Chinese workers+drove the rest out, not prosecuted
Rock Springs Massacre
+10 years Chinese Exclusion Act
Chinese people required to carry gov’t ID at all times
Geary Act 1892
Supreme Court rules that immigration officials can deport w/o providing evidence or trial
AGAINST CONSTITUTION (6th Amendment)
Fong Yue Ting v. US 1893
Exclusion Act extended in 19__, made permanent in 19__
02,04
Is an immigration statute unconstitutional when it conflicts w/ international treaty?
-Chae Chan Ping
No, uphold US statutes when in direct confrontation w/ international treaty
-US 1889
+Immigrants ruled as military danger
Case where it is decided 14th amendment guarantees birthright citizenship
US v. Wong Kim Ark 1898
