Boron, Ch 41

Question 1

Cholecystokinin

Source

Answer 1

I cells in duodenum and jejunum, neurons in ileum and colon

Question 2

Cholecystokinin

Target

Answer 2

Pancreas, gall bladder

Question 3

Cholecystokinin

Action

Answer 3

Increases enzyme secretion (pancreas)

Contraction (gall bladder)

Question 4

Gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP)

Source

Answer 4

K cells in duodenum and jejunum

Question 5

Gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP)

Target

Answer 5

Pancreas

Question 6

Gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP)

Action

Answer 6

Exocrinically decreases fluid absorption

Endocrinically increases insulin release

Question 7

Gastrin

Source

Answer 7

G cells in antrum of stomach

Question 8

Gastrin

Target

Answer 8

Parietal cells in body of stomach

Question 9

Gastrin

Action

Answer 9

Increases H+ secretion

Question 10

Gastrin-releasing enzyme

Source

Answer 10

Vagal nerve endings

Question 11

Gastrin-releasing enzyme

Target

Answer 11

G cells in antrum of stomach

Question 12

Gastrin-releasing enzyme

Action

Answer 12

Increases gastrin release

Question 13

Guanylin

Source

Answer 13

Ileum and colon

Question 14

Guanylin

Target

Answer 14

Small and large intestine

Question 15

Guanylin

Action

Answer 15

Increases fluid absorption

Question 16

Motilin

Source

Answer 16

Endocrine cells in upper GI tract

Question 17

Motilin

Target

Answer 17

Esophageal sphincter, stomach, duodenum

Question 18

Motilin

Action

Answer 18

Increases smooth muscle contraction

Question 19

Neurotensin

Source

Answer 19

Endocrine cells in GI tract

Question 20

Neurotensin

Target

Answer 20

Intestinal smooth muscle

Question 21

Neurotensin

Action

Answer 21

Vasoactive stimulation of histamine release

Question 22

Peptide YY

Source

Answer 22

Endocrine cells in ileum and colon

Question 23

Peptide YY

Target

Answer 23

Stomach and pancreas

Question 24

Peptide YY

Action

Answer 24

Decreases vagally mediated acid secretion (stomach)

Decreases enzyme and fluid secretion (pancreas)

Question 25

Secretin | Source

Answer 25

S cells in small intestine

Question 26

Secretin | Target

Answer 26

Pancreas and stomach

Question 27

Secretin | Action

Answer 27

Increases bicarbonate and fluid secretion (pancreas) | Decreases gastric acid secretion (stomach)

Question 28

Somatostatin | Source

Answer 28

D cells of stomach and duodenum, delta cells of pancreatic islets

Question 29

Somatostatin | Target

Answer 29

Stomach, intestine, pancreas, liver

Question 30

Somatostatin | Action

Answer 30

Decreases gastrin release (stomach) Increases fluid absorption and smooth muscle contraction, decreases secretion (intestine) Decreases endo and exo secretion (pancreas) Decreases bile flow (liver)

Question 31

Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) | Source

Answer 31

Enteric nervous system neurons

Question 32

Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) | Target

Answer 32

Small intestine, pancreas

Question 33

Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) | Action

Answer 33

``` Increases smooth muscle relaxation (small intestine) Increases secretion (small intestine and pancreas) ```

Question 34

Submucosal plexus (Meissner's)

Answer 34

Plexus of the enteric nervous system | Located in the submucosa of the small and large intestine

Question 35

Myenteric plexus (Auerbach's)

Answer 35

Plexus of the enteric nervous system | Located between circular and longitudinal muscle layers throughout the GI tract

Question 36

Achalasia

Answer 36

Condition where the lower esophageal sphincter does not relax and there are no peristalsis in distal esophagus resulting in difficulting in swallowing and dilation of the esophagus

Question 37

Upper esophageal sphincter

Answer 37

?

Question 38

Lower esophageal sphincter

Answer 38

?

Question 39

Pyloric sphincter

Answer 39

?

Question 40

Ileocecal sphincter

Answer 40

?

Question 41

Internal and external anal sphincters

Answer 41

?

Question 42

Rectosphincteric reflex

Answer 42

?

Question 43

Migrating motor complex (MMC)

Answer 43

?