botany 105 vocab

Question 1

albuminous

Answer 1

has endosperm

Question 2

incomplete flower

Answer 2

flower with missing whorl(s)

Question 3

coenocytic

Answer 3

condition where nuclei is free floating within cytoplasm

Question 4

zygosporangium

Answer 4

formed from diploid nuclei from fertilization, undergoes meiosis

Question 5

yeasts

Answer 5

unicellular fungi

Question 6

ectomycorrhizal fungi

Answer 6

forms sheaths around roots and penetrates between root cells

Question 7

glyceraldehyde

Answer 7

sugar produced in photosynthesis

Question 8

paraphyletic group

Answer 8

common ancestor and some, but not all, of its descendants

Question 9

ovule

Answer 9

indehiscent, integumented megasporangium with one functional megaspore

Question 10

sporophyll

Answer 10

modified leaf that bears sporangia

Question 11

sporangium

Answer 11

multicellular individual which bears sporocytes which bear spores

Question 12

gametophyte

Answer 12

multicellular haploid individual

Question 13

gametangium

Answer 13

multicellular haploid structure that produces gametes

Question 14

stamen

Answer 14

fertile floral structure consisting of an anther and filament; bears pollen

Question 15

epicotyl

Answer 15

part of the embryo in a seed that becomes the upper part of the stem and leaves

Question 16

apothecium

Answer 16

cup-shaped ascocarp (bears asci)

Question 17

hypha/e

Answer 17

filament of fungal cells; forms mycelium

Question 18

hartig net

Answer 18

a dense hyphal mass surrounding the roots in an ectomycorrhizal association

Question 19

gamete

Answer 19

haploid cell that goes into fertilization

Question 20

zygote

Answer 20

diploid cell produced by fertilization

Question 21

ovuliferous scale

Answer 21

specialized stems that form female cone of conifers; has ovules that develop into seeds

Question 22

seed

Answer 22

fertilized ovule

Question 23

integument

Answer 23

a protective layer around sporangium

Question 24

micropyle

Answer 24

an opening through the integument(s) of ovule through which pollen enters to fertilize egg

Question 25

funiculus

Answer 25

a stalk-like structure that connects the ovule with the ovary wall

Question 26

nucellus

Answer 26

megasporangium that contains embryo

Question 27

dehiscence

Answer 27

natural breaking open of structure to release reproductive structures

Question 28

sporocyte

Answer 28

diploid cell that produces spores by meiosis

Question 29

pollen

Answer 29

microspore containing very reduced microgametophyte

Question 30

generative cell

Answer 30

the cell that divides through mitosis and forms two sperm cells

Question 31

pollination (gymnosperms)

Answer 31

bringing microgametophyte inside microspore inside ovule

Question 32

pollination (angiosperms)

Answer 32

bringing microgametophyte contained in pollen grain into stigma of carpal

Question 33

pollination syndrome

Answer 33

a set of adaptation in a plant that maximize pollination depending on its vector

Question 34

seed dispersal syndrome

Answer 34

set of adaptations in a plant that maximizes its seed dispersal depending on its vector

Question 35

dioecious

Answer 35

having male and female reproductive organs in separate plants or animals

Question 36

monoecious

Answer 36

having male and female reproductive organs in the same plant or animal

Question 37

calyx

Answer 37

whorl of sepals

Question 38

corolla

Answer 38

whorl of petals

Question 39

androecium

Answer 39

whorl of stamens

Question 40

gynoecium

Answer 40

whorl of carpals

Question 41

connation

Answer 41

fusion of parts within same whorl

Question 42

adnation

Answer 42

fusion of parts between different whorls

Question 43

syncarpous

Answer 43

fused carpals

Question 44

apocarpous

Answer 44

unfused carpals

Question 45

carpel

Answer 45

fertile floral structure on flower consisting of style and stigma; captures pollen

Question 46

anther

Answer 46

pollen-bearing structure on stamen

Question 47

pistil

Answer 47

unit of carpels within a flower

Question 48

ovary

Answer 48

a flower structure that encloses and protects ovules and seeds as they develop

Question 49

locule

Answer 49

an opening inside the ovary where the ovules are found

Question 50

style

Answer 50

stalk that supports the stigma (in a carpel)

Question 51

stigma

Answer 51

floral structure that captures pollen

Question 52

placenta

Answer 52

floral structure within ovary where ovule attaches

Question 53

embryo sac

Answer 53

female gametophyte within ovule of angiosperms

Question 54

endosperm

Answer 54

a nutrient-rich tissues that provides nourishment to the developing embryo

Question 55

exalbuminous

Answer 55

has no endosperm

Question 56

hypocotyl

Answer 56

part of a plant embryo directly below the cotyledons, forming a connection with the radicle

Question 57

radicle

Answer 57

first organ to emerge from germinating seed

Question 58

hypanthium

Answer 58

the cuplike structure of a flower from receptacle which bears the floral whorls

Question 59

complete flower

Answer 59

flower with all whorls present

Question 60

perfect flower

Answer 60

flower with no fertile whorls missing

Question 61

imperfect flower

Answer 61

flower with 1 or more fertile whorls missing

Question 62

fruit

Answer 62

mature ovary of a flower

Question 63

simple fruit

Answer 63

develops from a single carpel of one flower

Question 64

aggregate fruit

Answer 64

developed from a single flower that has more than one carpel

Question 65

accessory fruit

Answer 65

fruit derived from tissues other than the ovary

Question 66

pericarp

Answer 66

ovary wall in fruit

Question 67

chitin

Answer 67

polysaccharide found in arthropod exoskeletons and fungal cell walls

Question 68

glycogen

Answer 68

storage carbohydrate in animals and fungi

Question 69

clamp connection

Answer 69

a bypass formed during cell division in basidiomycetes that aids distribution on nuclei

Question 70

ascus (asci)

Answer 70

a structure within the fruiting body where spores are formed during sexual reproduction

Question 71

cleistothecium

Answer 71

ball-shaped ascocarp

Question 72

perithecium

Answer 72

flask-shaped ascocarp

Question 73

apothecium

Answer 73

cup-shaped ascocarp (bears asci)