Botany Module 6

Question 1

Plasmid

Answer 1

Circular piece of DNA in prokaryotes

Question 2

How many chromosomes do prokaryotes have?

Answer 2

1

Question 3

Viroid

Answer 3

Circular pieces of RNA that infect plants (and only plants)

Transmitted by pollen, ovules, or machinery

Do not make proteins, only RNA

Question 4

Peptidoglycin

Answer 4

Chemical found in cell walls of bacteria but not archaeans or eukaryotes

Consists of sugar and amino acids

Question 5

3 ways domains bacteria and archaea differ

Answer 5

• Bacteria have peptidoglycin in cell walls
• Lipids in bacteria contain ester bonds, while lipids in archaeans have ether bonds
• Archaeans can have monolyered plasma membrane

Question 6

3 shapes of bacteria

Answer 6

Bacillus - Rod-shaped
Coccus - Sphere-shaped
Spirochete - Spiral-shaped

Question 7

3 Classes of bacteria

Answer 7

• Class Bacteriea
• Class Cyanobacteriea
• Class prochlorobacteriae

Question 8

Saprobe

Answer 8

An organism that produces energy from non-living organic matter; decomposer

Question 9

Class Bacteriae

Answer 9

Unpigmented bacteria and green and purple sulfur bacteria

Mostly saprobes, but some parasites and autochemotrophes

Question 10

2 groups of bacteria that can photosynthesize

Answer 10

• Cyanobacteria
• Chloroxybacteria

Question 11

Phycobilin

Answer 11

Red pigment exclusive to cyanobacteria

Question 12

Cyanophycin

Answer 12

Nitrogen food reserve produced by cyanobacteria

Question 13

Heterocyst

Answer 13

A large, colorless, nitrogen-fixing cell in a cyanobacteria colony

Question 14

Akinetes

Answer 14

Thick-walled bacteria cells that resist adverse conditions

Question 15

Halophile

Answer 15

An organism that can live in a very salty environment

Question 16

Methanogen

Answer 16

Organism that lives in anaerobic environments and produces methane

Question 17

Phylum Magnoliopsyda
Phylim Liliopsida

Answer 17

Phylum of dicot angiosperms
Phylum of monocot angiosperms

Question 18

Difference between monocot and dicot pollen grains

Answer 18

Dicot pollen grains have 3 apertures

Monocot pollen grains have 1 aperture

Question 19

2 Characteristics of bee-pollinated flowers

Answer 19

• Brightly-colored (often blue or yellow)
• Often have stripes or other distinct marking (guide lines?)

Question 20

3 characteristics of beetle-pollinated flowers

Answer 20

• Strong yeasty, spicy, or fruity odor
• White or dull color
• May supply pollen on petals instead of secreting nectar

Question 21

2 Characteristics of fly-pollinated flowers

Answer 21

• Smell like rotting meat
• Red or brown

Question 22

5 characteristics of bird-pollinated flowers

Answer 22

• Bright red or yellow (usually)
• Little to no scent
• Large and sturdy
• Lots of nectar
• Long floral tubes

Question 23

4 Characteristics of bat-pollinated flowers

Answer 23

• Primarily in tropics
• Night blooming
• Dull color
• Either very large flowers or small flowers in spherical inflorescences

Question 24

Apomixis

Answer 24

Asexual reproduction of plants

Question 25

Parthenocarpy

Answer 25

Development of unfertilized fruit Creates seedless fruit

Question 26

Plumule

Answer 26

Embryonic shoot of a seed

Question 27

Epicotyl Hypocotyl

Answer 27

Stem superior to cotyledon's attachment point Stem inferior to cotyledon's attachment point

Question 28

Radicle

Answer 28

Embryonic root

Question 29

Hilium

Answer 29

Scar at the seed's point of attachment to the ovarian wall

Question 30

Coleoptile

Answer 30

Protective sheath for plumule in monocot seeds

Question 31

Endosperm

Answer 31

Food source for seeds Mostly absent in dicots

Question 32

Coleorhiza

Answer 32

Protective sheath for radicle in monocot seeds

Question 33

Epigenous flower Hypogenous flower Epigynous flower

Answer 33

Flower where flower parts (mostly receptacle grow up and around ovary Flower where ovary sits on top of receptacle Flower where flower parts are fused to each other but not ovary, ovary partially sunken

Question 34

Complete flower Incomplete flower

Answer 34

Flower containing calyx, corolla, stamens, and pistil Flower lacking one or more of the above

Question 35

Perfect flower Imperfect flower

Answer 35

Flower with both stamen and pistil present Flower with either stamen or pistil