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Adaptations > Bowel Elimination > Flashcards

Bowel Elimination Flashcards

1
Q

Factors that affect bowel movements

A 
Developmental stage
Personal factors
-privacy
Nutrition
Medications
Surgical procedures 
-anesthesia
-manipulation of the bowel
Pregnancy
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2
Q

Types of laxatives

A 
Stool softeners 
Osmotic laxatives 
Lubricant laxatives 
Stimulant laxatives
Bulking agents
Chloride channel activators
Combo laxatives
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3
Q

Stool softeners

A

Enable moisture and fat to penetrate stool making is more soft

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4
Q

Osmotic laxative

A

Draws water into the bowel from surrounding tissue resulting in bowel distention

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5
Q

Lubricant laxative

A

Coating the stool and GI tract in a thin waterproof layer of lubricant to ease passage
Ex: mineral oil

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6
Q

Stimulant laxatives

A 
Bowel irritants stimulating intense peristalsis
Ex:
Castor oil
Senna
Bisacodyl
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7
Q

Bulking agent

A

Non foods high in fiber
Usually combined with adequate fluids to stimulate urge to evacuate
Safest form of laxative

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8
Q

Chloride channel activators

A

Increase intentional fluid and motility to help pass stool

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9
Q

Combination laxatives

A

Laxatives that contain more than one laxative ingredient such as a stimulant and a softner

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10
Q

Types of Ostomies

A 
Colostomies
Ileostomies
End stomas
Loop colostomies 
Double-barrel colostomy
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11
Q

Colostomy

A

Ends in the colon

Brings part of colon through abdomen

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12
Q

Double-barrel colostomies

A

Two separate stomas
Proximal stoma drains feces
Distal stoma drains mucus

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13
Q

Loop colostomy

A

Section of bowel is brought out and held in place by rod

Anterior wall is incised

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14
Q

Iliostomy

A 
Bring portion of the ilium out of the abdomen 
Bypasses the larger intestine
Liquid drainage
2 pouch types
-kock pouch 
-total colectomy with ileoanal reservoir
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15
Q

Kock pouch

A

Used in iliostomy
Internal pouch to collect drainage
Must be drained using tube

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16
Q

Ileoanal reserve

A

Ileostomy pouch that holds feces but allows patient to use toilet per normal

17
Q

Bowel frequency

A

Depends on the person

Usually 2-3 per week (for adults)

18
Q

Bowel colors

A 
White or clay: absence of bile
-may indicate bile obstruction or antacid use
Light brown
-diet high in milk and low in meat
Black/ tarry: indicates iron or blood
-May indicate upper GI bleeding or large quantities or iron rich foods
Red: 
-bleeding in lower GI
-hemorrhoids
19
Q

Normal quantity of stool

A

150g/ day
Variations
-quantity varies from 100-400 based on intake

20
Q

Normal shape of stool

A

Diameter of rectum
-1 in or 2.5cm
Variations
-narrow or pencil= obstruction, constriction or rapid peristalsis
-small or marble like= linger time in the large intestine

21
Q

Consistency of stool

A

Formed, soft, and moist
Variations
-hard= constipation
-watery= diarrhea

22
Q

Odor

A

Affected by foods

-strong foul odor may indicate bleeding or infection

23
Q

Promoting poop

A
  • privacy
  • assists with position
  • timing
  • diet
  • exercise
24
Q

Hypotonic enema

A

500-1000mL of tap water and soap

Used to promote pooping

25
Q

Isotonic enema

A

500-1000mL normal saline

Used to distend colon and promote peristalsis

26
Q

Hypertonic enema

A

90-120ml of sodium phosphate
Used to attract water from membranes
Faster acting 5-10 min

27
Q

Oil enema

A

90-120mL mineral oil, cottonseed oils or olive oil
Used to soften feces and lubricate rectum
Usually 1-2 hours before a cleansing enema

28
Q

Soapsuds enema

A

Pure Castile soap

Irritates intestines and causes peristalsis

29
Q

Carminative enema

A

1:2:3 enema or MGW solution
-magnesium, glycerine, water
Provides relief from abdominal distension

30
Q

How much fiber should you intake daily

A

25-38 g/day

Adaptations (6 decks)

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