Bowlbys theory of explanation of attachment Flashcards
ASCMI
Adaptive
Social releasers
Critical period
Monotropy
Internal working model
Adaptive
Attachment is an innate system that gives a survival advantage
Ensure animal/ child stays close to CG to protect them from hazards
Social Releasers
Born with a set of innate behaviours e.g smiling, cooing, that encourage attention from adults and activate social interaction - makes adult attached to baby
- reciprocal system
Critial Period
2 years when infants attachment system is active
- max sensitivity at 6 months
- If attachment has not formed at end a child will find it much harder to form one later
Monotropy
Bowlby emphasised importance of attachment to one caregiver which is different to others
The more time a baby spends with PAF the better due to
- law of continuity
- law of accumulated seperation
Law of continuity
The more constant a child’s care the better the quality of attachment
Law of accumulated seperation
The effects of every seperation add up so best to have no seperation
Internal working model
Child forms a mental representation of the relationship with the PAF which serves a s a template for future relationships
- if a child whose first experience is in a loving relationship they will tend to form an expectation that all relationships are lowing
- may affect the childs later ability tp be a parent themselves
AO3 Social Releasers +
Tronick’s still face experiment
AO3 Internal working model +
Bailey et al - 99 mothers
Those with poor attachment to mother were likely to have a one year old who was poorly attached
AO3 Internal working model -
There may be other influences of social development
- genetically infleunced personality is important in development of social behavious and their later parenting style
AO3 Monotropy -
Schaffer and Emerson - 29% had multiple attachments at 1 month and 78% at 6 months
AO3 Adaptive +
Lorenz’s imprinting
AO3 Critical Period +
Harlow’s monkeys were denied attachment opportunities which was later detrimental to PIES
