BPT Geriatrics Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in BPT Geriatrics Deck (9)
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1
Q

Changes in fat distribution in older age

A

Decreased overall fat mass, increased visceral fat (= pathologic consequences of obesity) and waist circumference

2
Q

Changes in muscle in older age

A

Reduced lean body mass through loss of muscle, fast twitch (type II) fibres affected more than slow (type I).

Fat accumulation within muscle, fibroconnective tissue buildup with reduced muscle strength and impaired mobility.

3
Q

Changes in bone composition in older age

A

Progressive demineralisation with reduced bone strength and increased fracture risk. Gender differences in effect of ageing on bone explained by differences in peak bone mass and effects of gonadal hormones. Women lose bone mass at an earlier age.

4
Q

Effects of ageing on male gonadal hormones (FSH, LH, testosterone, DHEAS)

A

Decreased: testosterone, DHEAS, LH

Increased: FSH

5
Q

Effects of ageing on female gonadal hormones (FSH, LH, estradiol, oestrogen)

A

Decreased: estradiol, oestrogen
Increased: LH, FSH

6
Q

Effect of ageing on cortisol, aldosterone

A

Decreased: aldosterone
Increased: cortisol

7
Q

Effect of ageing on insulin

A

Increasing fat levels associated with increasing insulin resistance and increased insulin levels

8
Q

Effect of ageing on IGF-1 and GH

A

Both decreased

9
Q

Effects of ageing on leptin

A

Leptin increases - associated with decreased appetite (satiety hormone)