Brain (1-10) Flashcards
(39 cards)
Which of the following are NOT found in grey matter: Nucleus, Lamina, Bodies, Tract, Fasciculus, Cortex, Funiculus, Lemniscus?
Tract, Fasiculus, Lemniscus, Funiculus
-All found in White Matter
(1)
If given the name “Bulb”, where in the CNS is this?
Brainstem (connecting spinal cord to cerebrum and cerebellum)
(2)
What are the 3 divisions of the brainstem?
Medulla, Pons, and Midbrain
2
Are the Olives of the Medulla gray or white matter?
Are the Pyramids of the Medulla gray or white matter?
Olives = Gray
Pyramids = White
(2)
Are the Inferior Cerebellar Peduncles mostly white or gray matter?
Consist mostly of axons going to and from the cerebellum, to and from the medulla
-therefore mostly White matter
(3)
What is the function of the Pontine Nuclei in the Pons? Which part (anterior or posterior) of the Pons in the Pontine Nuclei?
In Anterior part
= a collection of neuron cell bodies that receives input from ipsilateral neurons of the cerebral cortex, projects axons to contralateral side of the cerebellum
(3)
What do the pontocerebellar neurons/axons form?
Middle Cerebellar Peduncle (white matter)
*They decussate (cross midline) to the cerebellum
(3)
What is the most superior part of the brainstem?
Midbrain (Mesencephalon)
4
What divides the midbrain into 2 portions?
Cerebral Aqueduct (of Sylvius) (4)
What is the name for the roof of the midbrain?
Tectum
4
What are neurons of the Inferior and Superior Colliculi involved with?
Inferior Colliculi neurons = Auditory pathway
Superior Colliculi neurons = coordinating certain reflexes in response to sensory inputs (i.e. visual and auditory)
(4)
What forms the Ventral Midbrain, aka Base of the midbrain?
Cerebral peduncles (white and gray matter)
*cerebral peduncles connect midbrain to cerebrum
(4)
Which cranial nerve nuclei are found in the gray matter of the ventral midbrain?
III, IV, and part of V n.
4
Which cranial nerve nuclei are found in the Pons?
Part of V, VI, VII, and part of VIII
3
Which cranial nerve nuclei are found in the Medulla?
part of V, part of VIII, IX, X, XI, XII
2
What does the White matter of the Cerebellum form?
What does the Gray matter of the Cerebellum form?
White matter forms Medullary Center
Gray matter forms Cerebellar Cortex (outer surface)
*Cortex = highly folded into Folia
(4)
What type of fibers make up the middle cerebellar peduncle?
What does the middle cerebellar peduncle connect?
Made up of pontocerebellar neurons that connect the pons to the cerebellum
(3)
What is considered to be the autonomic center of the brain?
Where is it located?
(helps control sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system)
Hypothalamus
In the diencephalon (below the Thalamus)
*Helps control activity of pituitary gland
(6)
What is located in the Epithalamus?
Pineal gland
6
What is the subthalamic nucleus involved in?
Motor Pathways
6
Where is white and gray matter found in the Telencephalon?
Gray = Cortex
White = Medullary Center
(6)
Which type of fibers in the Medullary Center connect a cortical area of one hemisphere to a (similar) cortical area of the opposite hemisphere?
Commissural Fibers
i.e. Corpus Callosum
(6)
What type of fibers in the Medullary Center connect an area of cerebral cortex to a subcortical area -or- a subcortical area to a cerebral cortical area?
Projection Fibers
i. e. neurons of Thalamus (subcortical) to neurons in the cerebral cortex (=thalamocortical fibers)
* traveling through the **Internal Capsule
What type of fibers/axons connect different cortical areas within a single hemisphere?
Association Fibers
6
