Brain Flashcards
(26 cards)
The branches of psychology that studies the biological foundations of behavior, emotions, and mental processes
PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY
controls how we think, learn, move, and feel
brain
carries messages back and forth between the brain and the nerves that run throughout the body
spinal cord
Basic Foundations of Nervous System
Central Nervous System (CNS)
brain and spinal cord
- away from the center
- Made up of nerves that branch off from the spinal cord throughout the body
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
- seat of consciousness
- high intellectual functions occur
- biggest part of the brain
Cerebrum
- gray matter
- outer layer that lies on top of cerebrum
- wrinkled appearance from its many folds and grooves
cerebral cortex
groove, or fissure on the surface of the brain/ lining of the brain
sulci
bumps ridges on the cerebral cortex
gyri
- responsible for processing and interpreting information
- composed of neurons soma (round centrals cell bodies)
gray matter
- transmits that information to other parts of the NS
- mostly made of axons wrapped with myelin
white matter
damage to myelin sheath
Multiple Sclerosis
- little brain (fist sized)
- maintain posture, balance, & equilibrium
- coordinate voluntary muscle movement
cerebellum
connects cerebrum with spinal cord
brain stem
- bridge between midbrain and medulla
- tear production
- Chewing
pons
- meeting point of brain and spinal cord
- vital region
medulla
- largest lobe
- personality characteristics
- decision-making
- movement
- some recognition of smell
- Broca’s area (speech ability)
frontal lobe
- middle part of the brain
- identify objects
- understand spatial relationships
- interpreting pain and touch in the body
- Wernicke’s area (spoken language interpretation)
parietal lobe
- back part of the brain
- Vision
occipital lobe
- sides of the brain
- short term memory
- Speech
- musical rhythm
- some smell recognition (frontal lobe)
- temporary
temporal lobe
- master gland & master of other glands in the body
- found behind the bridge of the nose
- regulates hormones from:
pituitary gland
- regulates body temperature
- synchronize sleep pattern
- controls hunger & thirst
- some aspects of memory & emotion
hypothalamus
- regulate emotions & memory
- brain’s reward system
- stress
- fight or flight
amygdala
- seahorse shaped
- supports memory navigation perception space
- plays a role in Alzheimer’s disease
hippocampus
