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DDx > Brain > Flashcards

Brain Flashcards

1
Q

Pituitary Mass Lesions

A

Pituitary Adenomas (macro>1cm, micro<1cm)

  • Prolactin secreting (27%)
  • Growth Hormone secreting (13%)
  • Mixed Prolactin/GH (8%)
  • ACTH secreting (10%)
  • FSH secreting (9%)
  • TSH secreting (1%)
  • Null cell and invasive types (34%)

Pituitary Hyperplasia

Craniopharyngioma

Rathke Cleft Cysts

Parasellar Meningioma

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2
Q

Cerebral Calcification

(4 categories)

A

Tumors

  • Meningioma
  • Craniopharyngioma
  • Oligodendroglioma
  • Astrocytoma (malignant)
  • Choroid Plexus Papilloma
  • Ependymoma
  • Pineal Tumors (teratoma)
  • Chordoma

Vascular Lesions

  • Atheroma
  • Aneurysm
  • AVM
  • Infarction
  • Sturge-Webber Syndrome (extensive)

Infections

  • Cysicercosis
  • Toxoplasmosis
  • CMV
  • Tuberculosis
  • Fungal infections

Other causes

  • Tuberous sclerosis
  • Normal basal ganglia
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3
Q

Tumors Containing Fat

A
  • Craniopharyngioma
  • Glioma
  • Prolactinoma
  • Hemangioblastoma
  • Lipoma
  • Epidermoid
  • Dermoid
  • Cholesteatoma
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4
Q

Cranial Lesion appearing:

High on T1

High on T2

A
  • Late Subacute Hematoma
  • Flowing Blood
  • Normal posterior pituitary
  • Cholesteatoma
  • Craniopharyngioma
  • Dermiod/Epidermoid
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5
Q

Cranial Lesion appearing:

High on T1

Low on T2

A
  • Early Subacute Hematoma
  • Flowing Blood
  • Hemorrhagic Metastasis
  • Melanoma Metastasis
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6
Q

Cranial Lesion appearing:

Iso/Low on T1

Low on T2

A
  • Acute(Iso)/Chronic(Low) Hematoma
  • Flowing Blood
  • Calcification
  • Metastasis
    • Colon
    • Prostate
    • Breast
  • Meningioma
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7
Q

Cranial Lesion appearing:

Iso/Low on T1

High on T2

A
  • Glial Neoplasms
  • Metastasis
  • Edema
    • Infarction
    • Cerebritis
    • Encephalitis
    • Peritumoral
  • Lymphoma
  • Gliosis
  • Meningioma
  • Pituitary Adenoma
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8
Q

Cranial Lesion appearing:

Iso on T1

Iso on T2

A
  • Flowing Blood
  • Metastasis
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9
Q

Multiple Cerebral Enhancing Lesions on CT/MRI

A
  • Metastasis
  • Abscess
  • Cerebral gliomatosis
  • Infarction
  • Demyelinating Plaques
  • Contusion
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10
Q

Posterior Fossa Neoplasms in Children

A
  • Cerebellar Astrocytoma
  • Medulloblastoma
  • Ependymoma
  • Brain-stem Glioma
  • Choroid Plexus Papilloma
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11
Q

Cerebellopontine Angle Lesions

A
  • Acoustic Neuroma
  • Meningioma
  • Dermoid
  • Chordoma
  • Metastasis
  • Arachnoid cysts
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12
Q

Midline Supratentorial Masses

A
  • Lipoma of Corpus Callosum
  • Colloid Cyst (3rd ventricle)
  • Giant cell astrocytoma (tuberous sclerosis)
  • Pineal tumors
    • Germ cell tumors
    • Neuroectodermal tumors
    • Small pineal cysts
  • Basilar artery ectasia/aneurysm
  • Vein of Galen aneurysm
  • Tentorial hiatus meningioma
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13
Q

Lateral Ventricle Masses

A
  • Meningioma
  • Astrocytoma
  • Choroid Plexus Papilloma
  • Choroid Plexus Carcinoma
  • PNET
  • Metastasis
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14
Q

3rd Ventricle Masses

A

Craniopharyngioma (child)

Hypothalamic glioma (child)

Germ cell tumor

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15
Q

4th Ventricle Masses

A
  • Medulloblastoma
  • Ependymoma (ca++)
  • Choroid Plexus Papilloma
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16
Q

Frequency of Intracranial Tumors in Adults (top 4)

A
  • Mets
  • Hemangioblastoma
  • Astrocytoma
  • Lymphoma
17
Q

Frequency of Intracranial Tumors in Children (top 3)

A
  • Astrocytoma
  • Medulloblastoma
  • Ependymoma
18
Q

Hair on end skull

A
  • Thallesemia
  • Sickle Cell Anemia
  • Spherocytosis
  • Meningioma
  • Neuroblastoma (mets)
  • Hemangioma

DDx (4 decks)

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