brain Flashcards
1
Q
primary brain vesicles
A
- prosencephalon (forebrain)
- mesencephalon (midbrain)
- rhombencephalon (hindbrain)
2
Q
secondary brain vesicles
A
- telencephalon
- diencephalon
- mesencephalon
- metencephalon
- mylencephalon
3
Q
telencephalon (adult)
A
- cerebral hemispheres including basal nuclei
4
Q
diencephalon (adult)
A
- thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus, sub thalamus, retina
5
Q
mesencephalon (adult)
A
- midbrain
6
Q
metencephalon (adult)
A
- pons
- cerebellum
7
Q
mylencephalon (adult)
A
- medulla oblongata
8
Q
prosencephalon (secondary)
A
- telencephalon
- diencephalon
9
Q
mesencephalon (Secondary)
A
- mesencephalon
10
Q
rhombencephalon (secondary)
A
- metencephalon
- telencephalon
11
Q
lateral ventricles run
A
- cerebral hemispheres
12
Q
3rd ventricle runs
A
- all thalamus
13
Q
cerebral aqueduct runs
A
- midbrain
14
Q
4th ventricle runs
A
- pons, cerebellum, medulla
15
Q
central canal
A
- spinal cord
16
Q
parts of cerebrum
A
- cerebral cortex
- cerebral medulla
- basal nuclei
17
Q
cerebral cortex
A
- gray matter
- cell bodies and dendrites of neurons of the cerebral lobes
18
Q
cerebral medulla
A
- white matter
- axons of neurons
- association fibers
- commissural fibers
- projection fibers
19
Q
basal nuclei
A
- internal gray matter/ islands of gray inside white matter
- cell bodies and dendrites of subcortical neurons
20
Q
frontal lobe
A
- somatic motor areas
- premotor cortex
- primary somatic motor cortex: cell bodies of upper motor neurons
21
Q
parietal lobe
A
- sensory areas and related association areas
- primary somatosensory cortex: axon terminals of somatic sensory
- somatosensory association cortex
22
Q
pre central gyrus
A
- primary motor cortex
23
Q
postcentral gyrus
A
- primary somatosensory cortex
24
Q
occipital lobe
A
- vision
- visual association area
- primary visual cortex
25
temporal lobe
- hearing
- primary auditory cortex
- auditory association cortex
26
broca's area
- language
- forming words
- control tongue, lips, cheeks
- motor part of speech
- in frontal lobe
27
wernicke's area
- language
- interpret what you are hearing and associate meaning to sound
- temporal and parietal lobes
28
piriform lobe
- olfaction
- primary olfactory complex
- olfactory signals go straight to piriform lobe, skipping the thalamus
29
insular lobe
- visceral sensation (heart racing, stomach hurts)
- gustatory cortex
- vestibule cortex
30
anterior association area
- prefrontal cortex
- memory, planning, higher order function, intellect, learning
- matures slowly
31
posterior association area
- junction of occipital, temporal and parietal lobes
- wernicke's area
- perception and language
- organizing sensory info
32
basal nuclei
- involved in somatic motor control
33
diencephalon
- everything thalamus and retina
34
thalamus
- relay center for info going to and from cerebral cortex
35
sub thalamic nuclei
- work with basal nuclei in somatic motor control
36
epithalamus
- pineal gland and habenula
37
pineal gland
- stimulated to produce melatonin and inhibited by light
38
habenula
- multiple nuclei that affect sleep/wake cycle, pain, reward processing, reproductive behavior, nutrition, stress responses and learning
39
hypothalamus
- visceral control center of body
- ANS control center
- control center of endocrine system
- regulate sleep/wake cycle
- body temperature
- hunger and satiety
- osmoreceptors (thirst)
40
Brainstem
- midbrain
- pons
- medulla
41
midbrain
- tectum
- tegmentum
- cerebral peduncles
42
tectum
- corpora quadrigemini
- - superior colliculi
- - inferior colliculi
43
superior colliculi
- visual reflexes (movement of head, eyes, and body toward stimulus)
44
inferior colliculi
- hearing reflexes and coordination of hearing and vision
45
tegmentum
- nuclei of cranial nerves
- medial lemniscus
- reticular formation
- red nuclei
- substantia nigra
46
medial lemniscus
- tracts of sensory axons
47
reticular formation
- filters sensory info
48
red nuclei
- nuclei for somatic motor
49
substantia nigra
- involved in somatic motor
50
cerebral peduncles
- motor axons
51
pons
- medial lemniscus
- tracts of motor axons
- pontine nuclei
52
pontine nuclei
- nuclei of cranial nerves
- reticular formation
- connect motor cortex to the cerebellum
- respiratory center
53
medulla oblongata
- nuclei of cranial nerves
- medial lemniscus
- pyramids
- olives
- reticular formation
- centers for other reflexes
54
medulla pyramids
- tracts of motor axons
55
medulla olives
- inferior olivary nuclei
| - relay proprioception to cerebellum
56
medulla reticular formation
- vasomotor (arterial diameter), cardiac, respiratory centers
57
medulla centers for other reflexes
- swallowing, hiccuping committing, coughing, sneezing
58
cerebellum receives info from
- cerebrum via thalamus (somatic motor, vision, balance)
- proprioceptors
- vestibular nuclei of brainstem
59
parts of cerebellum
- lateral hemispheres separated by vermis
| - flocculonodular lobe
60
lateral hemispheres/vermis of cerebellum
- plan body movements
61
flocculonodular lobes
- receive sensory info form vestibular and visual system
| - adjust posture and eye movements to maintain balance
