Brain Areas

Question 1

What area is responsible for language production?

Answer 1

Broca’s area (temporal lobe)

Question 2

What area is responsible for language comprehension?

Answer 2

Wernicke’s areas

Question 3

What is the function of the frontal lobe?

Answer 3

Executive function, motor function, goal orientated behaviour.

Question 4

What is the function of the parietal lobe?

Answer 4

Somatosensation, spatial processing and orienting, decision making, attention.

Question 5

What is the function of the temporal lobe?

Answer 5

Audition, high level object recognition.

Question 6

What is the function of the occipital lobe?

Answer 6

Vision

Question 7

Central Occipital

Answer 7

Midline of the back of brain: early visual areas (V1, V2, V3)

Question 8

Left occipital

Answer 8

left of back of brain: midlevel visual areas (V4, V5,…)

Question 9

Right occipital

Answer 9

Right of the back of the brain: midlevel visual areas (V4, V5,…)

Question 10

Cochlear nucleus

Answer 10

Part of auditory brainstem, first processing stage of auditory processing after the ear

Question 11

Primary auditory area (A1)

Answer 11

N1 EEG signal shows difference in dichotic listening task with attention (M20-50 when measured with MEG)

Question 12

Neural activity and attention

Answer 12

Primary visual cortex (V1) and secondary (V2) show spiking difference when monkeys attend to neuron’s receptive field, compared to attend away.
V1-V7: visual areas that show topographic organisation (retinotopy)
V4: midlevel visual area (form, colour, basic shape processing) where biased competition model of attention was originally tested and evidence supported the model

Question 13

Visual pathways

Answer 13

Lateral geniculate body
Dorsal pathway: temporal, inferior temporal cortex (spatial/motion processing, areas MT, MST,…)
Ventral pathway: temporal, inferior temporal cortex (form, colour and object processing) areas V4, TEO

Question 14

Feature and object based attention

Answer 14

Middle temporal area (MT, motion processing), area V4 colour processing show feature selective attention effects in fMRI experiments
Area V4 shows pronounced object based attention effects in fMRI experiments

Question 15

Subcortical attentional network

Answer 15

Pulvinar nucleus (part of thalamus)
Superior colliculus (brainstem part of attentional network)
Both show strong attention dependent activation in spiking and fMRI activity